opensanewandconvenientwaytoapplymetallofullerenesin nanotechnologies. Experimental Sc@C 82 was synthesized by the Krätschmer±Huffman method, and isolated by multiple-step high-performance liquid chromatography (Japan Analytical Industry Co., Ltd) using Buckyprep and Bucky- clutchercolumns.ThepurifiedSc@C 82 wasdissolvedintoluenesolu- tion first, and then poured into acetonitrile solvent rapidly until the volume fraction v ace ofacetonitrilereachedca.85%.ASc@C 82 clus- tersuspensionwasgeneratedinthesolventmixtureandwaschecked byAFM. Sc@C 82 nanowireandtubearrayswerepreparedinaSc@C 82 clus- ter suspension by the technique of electrophoretic deposition similar tothatusedforpreparationofC 60 nanowires and also C 60 thin films [15] . The toluene/acetonitrile electrolyte solution containing 40 lM Sc@C 82 was transferred to a small Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) cell,inwhichtheevaporatedAgsubstrateofaporousAAOtemplate, serving as the anode, and a platinum counter electrode were set at a distanceof5mmusingaTeflonspacer.AAOtemplates [21] (Anodise, WhatmanInc.Co.)withnominalporediameterof200nmwerecho- senandtheDCvoltageforSc@C 82 depositionwassetat100V.The morphology of Sc@C 82 nanostructures can be controlled by adjusting the deposition time. After the deposition, the AAO templates with Sc@C 82 nanostructures were thoroughly washed with acetonitrile sol- vent. The removal of Sc@C 82 nanowires or nanotubes from the AAO support was carried out by dissolving the AAO template in 2 M NaOH at 25C for 2 h. For TEM and SEM observation, the nano- structures were detached from the Ag substrate and ultrasonically dispersed. A Philips CM200 FEG transmission electron microscope operated at 160 kV and a JEOL JSM-6700F field-emission scanning electron microscope were employed in the study of the morphology andstructureoftheSc@C 82 nanowiresandnanotubes. Received: February 3, 2004 Final version: May 13, 2004 ± [1] H.Shinohara, Rep. Prog. Phys. 2000, 63,843. [2] F. J.Wudl, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12,1959. [3] W.L.Yang,V.Brouet,X.J.Zhou,H.J.Choi,S.G.Louie,M.L.Co- hen,S.A.Kellar,P.V.Bogdanov,A.Lanzara,A.Goldoni,F.Parmi- giani,Z.Hussain,Z.X.Shen, Science 2003, 300,303. [4] a) Y. C. Sui, B. Z. Cui, L. Martínez, R. Perez, D. J. Sellmyer, Thin Solid Films 2002, 406, 64. b) J. C. Hulteen, C. R. Martin, J. Mater. Chem. 1997, 7, 1075. c) Y. C. Sui, D. R. Acosta, J. A. Gonzµlez- León, A. Bermdez, J. Feuchtwanger, B. Z. Cui, J. O. Flores, J. M. Saniger, J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 1523. d) Y. C. Sui, L. Yue, R.Skomski,X.Z.Li,J.Zhou,D.J.Sellmyer, J. Appl. Phys. 2003, 93, 7571. [5] T. Sehayek, A. Vaskevich, I. Rubinstein, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125,4718. [6] Y. Zhang, G. H. Li, Y. C. Wu, B. Zhang, W. H. Song, L. D. Zhang, Adv.Mater. 2002, 14,1227. [7] a) C. J. Brumlik, V. P. Menon, C. R. Martin, J. Mater. Res. 1994, 9, 1174.b)G.Tourillon,L.Pontonnier,J.P.Levy,V.Langlais, Electro- chem. Solid-State Lett. 2000, 3, 20. c) Y. C. Sui, R. Skomski, K. D. Sorge,D.J.Sellmyer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 84,1525. [8] Y.G.Guo,L.J.Wan,C.F.Zhu,D.L.Yang,D.M.Chen,C.L.Bai, Chem. Mater. 2003, 15,664. [9] Y. G. Guo, C. J. Li, L. J. Wan, D. M. Chen, C. R. Wang, C. L. Bai, Y. G.Wang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2003, 13,626. [10] K.Kikuchi,Y.Nakao,S.Suzuki,Y.Achiba,T.Suzuki,Y.Maruyama, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116,9367. [11] E. Nishibori, M. Takata, M. Sakata, M. Inakuma, H. Shinohara, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1998, 298,79. [12] Y.Marcus,A.L.Smith,M.V.Korobov,A.L.Mirakyan,N.V.Avra- menko,E.B.Stukalin, J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105,2499. [13] Y.P.Sun,B.Ma,C.E.Bunker,B.Liu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 12705. [14] A. Beeby, J. Eastoe, R. K. Heenan, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994,173. [15] a)S.Barazzouk,S.Hotchandani,P.V.Kamat, Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 1614. b)P. V. Kamat, S. Barazzouk, K. G. Thomas, S. Hotchandani, J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 4014. c) S. Barazzouk, S. Hotchandani, P.V. Kamat, J. Mater. Chem. 2002, 12, 2021. d) K. Vinodgopal, M.Haria,D.Meisel,P.Kamat, Nano Lett. 2004, 4,415. [16] H.B.Liu,Y.L.Li,L.Jiang,H.Y.Luo,S.Q.Xiao,H.J.Fang,H.M. Li,D.B.Zhu,D.P.Yu,J.Xu,B.Xiang, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 13370. [17] H. Q. Cao, Z. Xu, X. W. Wei, X. M, Z. L. Xue, Chem. Commun. 2001,541. [18] A. M. Rao, P. Zhou, K. A. Wang, G. T. Hager, J. M. Holden, Y. Wang, W. T. Lee, X. X. Bi, P. C. Eklund, D. S. Cornett, M. A. Duncan,I.J.Amster, Science 1993, 259,955. [19] P.Janda,T.Krieg,L.Dunsch, Adv.Mater. 1998, 10,1434. [20] J.G.Hou,J.L.Yang,H.Q.Wang,Q.X.Li,C.G.Zeng,L.F.Yuan, B.Wang,D.M.Chen,Q.S.Zhu, Nature 2001, 409,304. [21] J. C. Bao, C. Y. Tie, Z. Xu, Q. Ma, J. M. Hong, H. Sang, D. Sheng, Adv.Mater. 2002, 14,44. SynthesisofSiCCeramicsbythe CarbothermalReductionof MineralizedWoodwithSilica** By Yongsoon Shin,* Chongmin Wang, and Gregory J. Exarhos Theuseofnaturalbiologicalmaterialsastemplatestocon- struct novel hierarchical inorganic materials is an emerging areaduetotheiruniqueandcomplexmicrostructures. [1] Com- pare to artificial templates, biological materials are hierarchi- cal, abundant, complex, renewable, and environmentally benign. So far, several types of biological materials such as diatoms, [2] bacteria, [3,4] pollen, [5] cornstarch, [6] chitin, [7] and wood [8,9] have been utilized in order to prepare hierarchical inorganicmaterials. Among them, wood has highly anisotropic cellular struc- tures,whichcanbeusedasahierarchicaltemplatetogenerate novelceramicswithmicro-,meso-,andmacrostructures.Con- COMMUNICATIONS Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, No. 1, January 6 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200400371  2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 73 ± [*] Dr. Y. Shin,Dr. C. Wang,Dr. G. J. Exarhos PacificNorthwestNationalLaboratory 902BattelleBlvd,P.O.Box999,Richland,WA99352(USA) E-mail:yongsoon.shin@pnl.gov [**] Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Mem- orial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC06-76RL0 1830. This work is supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, U.S.DepartmentofEnergy.