1 Volume 2020; Issue 1 Stem Cell: Advanced Research and Therapy Research Article Ahmed E, et al. Stem Cell Adv Res Ther: SCRT-123. Comparing the Osteogenic Potency of Mesenchymal Stem Cells De- rived from Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Enas Ahmed 1 , Hala Ziada 2 , Mervat Soliman 2 , Rabab Rasheed 3 , Hatem El-Mezayen 4 , Sahar Hamed 2* 1 Emergency Hospital, Mansoura University, Egypt 2 Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt 3 Faculty of Medicine, October 6 th University, Egypt 4 Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt * Corresponding author: Sahar Hamed, Professor of Immunology & Molecular Biology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Man- soura University, Egypt Citation: Ahmed E, Ziada H, Soliman M, Rasheed R, El-Mezayen H, Hamed S (2020) Comparing the Osteogenic Potency of Mes- enchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue. Stem Cell Adv Res Ther: SCRT-123 DOI: 10.29011/2637- 9589.000023 \Received Date: 06 January, 2020; Accepted Date: 22 January, 2020; Published Date: 28 January, 2020 DOI: 10.29011/2637-9589.000023 Abstract Background: The multi-potent Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that found in several tissues such as umbilical cord, bone marrow and fat tissues. These multi-potent MSCs can differentiate into multiple tissues including bone, cartilage, muscle, tendons, skin, fat cells, and connective tissue. The aim of the present study is to compare the osteogenic potential of MSCs derived from Bone Marrow (BM-MSCs) and Adipose Tissue (AD-MSCs) of C57BL/6 mice. Materials and Methods: MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissues of mice. Both cell types were cultured in osteogenic medium. Using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), six osteogenic specifc genes (Collagen I, Osteocalcin, Osterix, Runx2, Alkaline phosphatase and Osteonectin) were examined in both BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs cell types which maintained in vitro under osteogenic conditions along 21-day time course. Alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization were also assayed. Results: According alkaline phosphatase activity, the osteoblastic differentiation of BM-MSCs was found to be higher than that of AD-MSCs. The amount of matrix mineralization was also higher in BM-MSCs when compared to AD-MSCs. Up on osteogenic differentiation; BM-MSCs reached higher levels of osteogenic gene up-regulation early than AD-MSCs. Conclusion: BM-MSCs have greater capacity for osteogenic differentiation than AD-MSCs and hold promising potential for bone tissue engineering and cell therapy application. Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells; Bone marrow; Adipose tissue; Osteogenic; differentiation; Mice Introduction Stem cells are defned recently as the unspecialized cells in our body that have the capability of becoming specialized cells, each generated cell have new specialized cell functions [1]. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are potential cells that capable for treatment of different diseases [2]. Degenerative diseases as osteoporosis and arthritis pose signifcant challenges for health care professional) [3]. MSCs from both bone marrow and adipose tissues were found to possess the highest beneft stem cells for bone regeneration [4]. MSCs have the ability to regulate immune responses and change the gradual development of several infammatory diseases [5]. Damaged tissues are often associated with infammation mechanisms which stimulate anti-infammatory mediators which act as chemotactic signals that directing the MSCs to damaged tissues. MSCs have the ability to regulate immune responses and change the gradual development of several infammatory diseases. Before tissues repair themselves, MSCs have the ability to alter infammatory process by releasing growth factors. This process has shown a relationship between MSCs and the immune system which has been utilized in many clinical applications, as in the