Universal Journal of Public Health 9(6): 353-359, 2021 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2021.090601
Positive Deviance Behavior in the Low Economic Status
Family with Non-stunting Incidence in Sleman Regency,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Kartika Setyaningsih Sunardi, Evi Martha
*
Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
Received July 1, 2021; Revised October 20, 2021; Accepted November 11, 2021
Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Kartika Setyaningsih Sunardi, Evi Martha , "Positive Deviance Behavior in the Low Economic Status Family
with Non-stunting Incidence in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia," Universal Journal of Public Health, Vol. 9, No.
6, pp. 353 - 359, 2021. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2021.090601.
(b): Kartika Setyaningsih Sunardi, Evi Martha (2021). Positive Deviance Behavior in the Low Economic Status Family
with Non-stunting Incidence in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Universal Journal of Public Health 9(6), 353 -
359. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2021.090601.
Copyright©2021 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract Positive deviance is an uncommon
condition where the behavior or activities of a person or
group in a population can unconsciously be a protective
factor for a problem. Positive deviance behavior can occur
in Sleman Regency with a stunting incidence rate of 11%,
because it still has a sub-district with a relatively higher
incidence of stunting than the average of Sleman Regency.
This study discusses the analysis of feeding behavior,
parenting behavior, hygiene behavior, and health care
behavior as positive deviance (PD) behaviors in low
economic status families with non-stunting incidence in
Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. This study is a qualitative
study conducted in Sendangarum Village, Minggir District,
Sleman Regency in the period between June and July 2020
for low economic status families who have children aged
1-2 years with not stunting incidence. The results of this
study indicate positive deviance behavior in families with
low economic status with non-stunting namely feeding
behavior, parenting behavior, and hygiene behavior. The
results of this study were important to analyzed PD
behavior in Sendangarum Village, so that the officials
could make an intervention by considering the findings to
prevent stunting. The conclusion of this study found that
positive deviance behavior in families with low economic
status with non-stunting incidence were: 1) feeding
behavior with a frequency of three times a day for main
meals and side meals, 2) food ingredients consumed by
children with good nutritional value with main meals a
four-star menu and a snack, 3) the quantity of time parents
spend with their children, 4) the role of parents when with
children, 5) joint activities before bedtime, and 6) the
behavior of maintaining the child's body hygiene, such as
brushing teeth before bed.
Keywords Positive Deviance Behavior, Stunting,
Low Economic Families
1. Introduction
Stunting is a major public health problem, which has
now become an international concern due to its impact on
children globally, both in the short and long term.
Stunting is also associated with poor cognition, quality of
education, performance and productivity [1]. The World
Health Organization mentions eight major points of the
causes of stunting, such as problems of nutritional quality,
safety of food and water sources, characteristics of
mothers, home environmental conditions, infectious
diseases, parenting behavior, exclusive breastfeeding,
complementary feeding (MP-ASI). In addition, there are
six things that can indirectly influence the incidence of
stunting, namely the political economy; agriculture and
food systems; water, sanitation and environment; health
and health services; as well as social and cultural