FEMS Microbiology Ecology 85 (1991) 293-300
© 1991 Federation of European Microbiological Societies 0168-6496/91/$03.50
Published by Elsevier
ADONIS 016864969100082F
293
FEMSEC 00337
Evidence for inhibitory substrate interactions
during cometabolism of 3,4-dichlorobenzoate
by Acinetobacter sp. strain 4-CB1
P. Adriaens * and D.D. Focht
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, U.S.A.
Received 18 November 1990
Revision received 18 February 1991
Accepted 28 February 1991
Key words: Degradation pathway; Incompatibility; Inhibition kinetics; Pseudosubstrate; Resting cell
1. SUMMARY
Acinetobacter sp. strain 4-CB1 cometabolized
3,4-dichlorobenzoate (3,4-DCB), via 3-chloro-4-
hydroxybenzoate (3-C-4-OHB) and 4-carboxy-
1,2-benzoquinone, in the presence of 4-chloroben-
zoate (4-CB) as a growth substrate. In resting cell
incubations, 3,4-DCB acted competitively as an
inhibitor with 4-CB metabolism, and as a sub-
strate inhibitor of its own metabolism. The inhibi-
tor constant K i and the affinity constant K,a
were 800 and 181 #M, respectively with a maximal
rate of 3,4-DCB disappearance of 18.8 nmol 3,4-
DCB min -1 (mg protein) -1, in resting cells in-
cubated solely with 3,4-DCB. Resting cells were
less tolerant to 3,4-DCB than growing cells, as
noted from the inhibition constants (Ki). More-
Correspondence to: D.D. Foeht, Department of Soil and En-
vironmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA
92521, U.S.A.
* Present address: Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A.
over, 3-C-4-OHB competitively inhibited 4-hy-
droxybenzoate monooxygenase by acting as a
pseudosubstrate (g i = 7.3 /tM). The next sequen-
tial intermediate, 4-carboxy-l,2-benzoquinone, un-
competitively inhibited 4-CB metabolism in rest-
ing cell incubations. Thus, 3,4-DCB inhibited its
own cometabolism as well as metabolism of 4-CB
in Acinetobacter sp. strain 4-CB1.
2. INTRODUCTION
Many chlorinated aromatic compounds have
been demonstrated to be growth substrates for soil
and water microorganisms, or are cometabolized
to an array of chlorinated intermediates [1]. The
biochemical basis of cometabolism has been ex-
plained by the failure of the compound to induce
the appropriate enzymes [2-4], by the inability of
the compound to diffuse accross the cell mem-
brane [1,3], or by the accumulation of toxic inter-
mediates and inhibition of the enzymes [5-8].
Gibson et al. [9] suggested that the catechol di-
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