~ 401~ The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(11): 401-404 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.03 TPI 2018; 7(11): 401-404 © 2018 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 03-09-2018 Accepted: 05-10-2018 NK Khyalia Ph.D., Scholar, Division of Extension Education, ICAR- IVRI, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India BP Singh Principal Scientist, Division of Extension Education, ICAR- IVRI, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India Mahesh Chander Principal Scientist, Division of Extension Education, ICAR- IVRI, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India Rupasi Tiwari Principal Scientist, Division of Extension Education, ICAR- IVRI, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India AK Chaturvedani Part-Time-Teacher, Department of Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India Correspondence AK Chaturvedani Part-Time-Teacher, Department of Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Durg,Chhattisgarh, India A scale to measure the attitude of dairy farmers towards dairy animal welfare NK Khyalia, BP Singh, Mahesh Chander, Rupasi Tiwari and AK Chaturvedani Abstract Animal welfare has become an emotional and public policy issue and the concerns have increased worldwide in the past few decades. In developed countries consumer’s demands for higher standards of animal protection have incumbently led to policy-makers and legislators to respond accordingly. But in developing countries, it is still an issue of think forward. Present study made an attempt to develop an attitude scale to measure dairy farmers’ attitude towards dairy animal welfare using Likerts (1932) summated ratings method. Article describes in detail the methodological steps followed in the development of the scale. Scale so developed has a high reliability with the internal consistency coefficient being 0.83. The Content validity of the scale was also satisfactory. Further, this scale was used to collect the data from 160 dairy farmers of two districts (80 from each) in Rajasthan. Content validity of the scale is also satisfactory given the steps followed. The study has revealed that majority of the respondents from both the districts were having moderately favorable attitude towards dairy animal welfare. Keywords: Animal welfare, consumer, dairy farmer, attitude, summated ratings method Introduction The concept of animal welfare is important for commercial as well as ethical reasons. It has gained recognition by governments, national and international bodies, academic institutions and individuals the world over (Mogoa et al, 2005) [9] . Good practices of animal welfare are underpinned by the framework provided in the five familiar freedoms that were developed by FAWC – UK (Farm Animal Welfare Committee) to describe an animal’s fundamental needs (Gregory, 1998; Bech et al., 2008; Vessier et al., 2008) [5, 1, 11] . There are increasing public concerns about certain production practices which have resulted to demands for change in some existing production systems (Rollin, 2004) [4, 10] . Consumer’s demands for higher standards of animal protection have incumbently led to policy-makers and legislators to respond accordingly (Horgan, 2005) [7] . The scientific assessment of animal welfare is a key element in efforts to implement good animal welfare practices (FAO, 2009) [9] and as such should employ an objective approach. In this study, the five freedoms were used as the basis to assess the animal welfare. Animal welfare is a concept that can be studied scientifically but our understanding of this concept is influenced by value based ideas about what is important or desirable for animals to have a good life. Thus we have a concept that is both science based and value based (Fraser, 2008) [4] . Therefore, a better understanding of underlying attitudes towards animal welfare is of paramount importance. An attitude scale is designed to provide a valid, or accurate, measure of an individual’s attitude towards a real or psychological object. The present article describes the development of scale to measure the attitude of farmers towards dairy animal welfare. Research Methodology An attitude is a personal disposition common to individuals but possessed in different degrees. This impels them to react to objects, situations or propositions in ways that can be called favorable or unfavorable (Guilford, 1954) [6] . In simpler way, attitude can be defined as the degree of negative or positive feeling of dairy farmers towards dairy animal welfare. Summated ratings method as suggested by Likert (1932) [8] was followed for construction of the present attitude scale. Different steps and procedure adopted in construction of the scale are described below: Collection of Statements A list of 86 statements was made after thorough review of literature on dairy animal welfare