1 Range and heterogeneity of outcomes in randomized trials of pediatric chronic kidney disease Lauren SH Chong 1,2 , Benedicte Sautenet, PhD 1,2,3,4,5 , Allison Tong, PhD 1,2 , Camilla S Hanson, BPsych (Hons) 1,2 , Susan Samuel, MD 6 , Michael Zappitelli, MD 7 , Allison Dart, MD 8 , Susan Furth, PhD 9 , Allison A Eddy, MD 10 , Jaap Groothoff, PhD 11 , Nicholas JA Webb, MD 12 , Hui- Kim Yap, MD 13 , Detlef Bockenhauer, PhD 14 , Aditi Sinha, MD 15 , Stephen I Alexander, PhD 2 , Stuart L Goldstein, MD 16 , Debbie S Gipson, MD 17 , Gayathri Raman, MBBS 1 , Jonathan C Craig, PhD 1,2 Author affiliations: 1 Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 2 Centre for Kidney Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Sydney, Australia 3 University Francois Rabelais, Tours, France 4 Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Tours Hospital, Tours, France 5 INSERM, U1153, Paris, France 6 Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nephrology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada 7 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada 8 Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, The Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada 9 Departments of Pediatrics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine and Division of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States 10 Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and the British Columbia Children's Vancouver, Canada 11 Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital AMC Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 12 Department of Pediatric Nephrology and NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK 13 Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore ,Singapore 14 UCL Centre for Nephrology and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom 15 Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India 16 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States 17 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States Corresponding author/reprint request author: Allison Tong, Centre for Kidney Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead NSW 2145, Australia Tel: +61 2 9845 1467 Fax: +61 2 9845 1491 Email: allison.tong@sydney.edu.au Short title: Outcomes in trials in children with CKD Keywords: Children, systematic review, chronic kidney disease, outcomes Funding source: No funding was secured for this study. AT is supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council Fellowship (1106716) Conflict of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose **Manuscript (revised), with pgs numbered Click here to view linked References