300 Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 211/212 (1994) 300-304
JALCOM 121
The effect of neutron and y irradiation on YBCO and B(Pb)SCCO
high-Tc superconductors
M.M. Zein and W.E. Alnaser
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038 (Bahrain)
Abstract
The effect of neutron irradiation on YBCO high-Tc superconductor (Tc=93 K) and the effect of 7 irradiation
on B(Pb)SCCO high-Tc superconductor (Tc = 87 K) were studied. Each sample was given successive irradiation
for 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 h. The mechanical loss spectra were recorded between liquid nitrogen and room
temperature. In YBCO, the height of the four relaxation peaks observed increases as the neutron dose is
increased. The peak heights increase by nearly a factor of two (when comparing neutron irradiation for 30 h
with the non-irradiated sample). In B(Pb)SCCO, the peak heights increase by a factor of 1.5 (for 30 h Y
irradiation). The peak temperatures in both high-Tc superconductors show almost no change as a function of
the neutron or gamma irradiation. In YBCO, the peaks occur at 113, 123, 147 and 243 K, whereas in B(Pb)SCCO,
the peaks occur at 87, 112, 128, 170 and 230 K, when measurement is carried out at 10 MHz using the pulse-
echo technique (single-ended).
I. Introduction
Mechanical loss experiments (internal friction) are
very sensitive to the structural defects of compounds
and their superconductivity. Ultrasonic attenuation also
provides information on superconductors, e.g. the change
in the longitudinal and shear sound velocity (Av~ and
Av~ respectively) in the vicinity of the critical tem-
perature Tc, the longitudinal L and shear G moduli,
the bulk modulus B and Young's modulus E. These
are related as follows [1-3]: L=pvl2; G=pv12;
E=G(3L -4G)/(L -G);
AB/B = (hVl/V )[2/{1 4 2 2
Iv, )}]
where p is the density of the superconductor. Fur-
thermore, from the measurement of the mechanical
spectra at different frequencies f, we can calculate with
good approximation, the bound energy of small bi-
polarons 'A (which is believed to be the mechanism
responsible for the relaxation peaks in the vicinity of
the critical temperature Tc [4, 5]) using the following
relation [6]
where W is the activation enthalpy for the relaxation
process and fo is the attempt frequency. The effect of
the grain size on Tc [7, 8] and on the hysteresis behaviour
of both velocities (v~ and vs) [9] was detected by
ultrasonic attenuation measurement.
In this paper, we study the effect of neutron and y
irradiation on two high-Tc superconductor compounds,
i.e. YlBa2Cu307_x and Bio.sPbo.2SrCaCul.5Oy, by ultra-
sonic attenuation measurement at 10 MHz using the
pulse-echo technique (single-ended).
2. Experimental procedures
The Y1Ba2Cu30 7 (YBCO) samples used in this study
were prepared by the standard solid state reaction in
the form of pressed ceramic pellets. The critical tem-
perature was found to be 90 K. Bio.aPb0.2SrCaCul.sOy
(B(Pb)SCCO) was found to have Tc = 87 K. A detailed
explanation of the preparation of YBCO and
B(Pb)SCCO and the technique used, i.e. ultrasonic
attenuation (at 10 MHz), is given in refs. 10 and 11
respectively.
The YBCO high-temperature compound was given
successive neutron doses (expressed in units neu-
tron-velocity-time, nvt) at room temperature, i.e.
1.8×101° nvt (5 h exposure), 3.6×10 l° nvt (10 h ex-
posure), 5.4x 101° nvt (15 h exposure), 7.2x 101° nvt
(20 h exposure) and 10.8x 10I° nvt (30 h exposure).
The B(Pb)SCCO high-temperature superconductor was
irradiated by y rays (expressed in units gamma par-
ticles-velocity-time, yvt) giving doses of 4.28 x 108 yvt
(10 h exposure), 6.45 x 108 yvt (15 h exposure), 8.6 x l0 s
yvt (20 h exposure) and 12.85 x 108 yet (30 h exposure).
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