Study Abroad Programs for Intercultural Competence, Equity Pedagogy, and Social Justice in US Educational Leadership Students: An Example from Ireland and Northern Ireland 46 Nicole L. Hacker and Regina R. Umpstead Contents Introduction: Study Abroad and Global Citizenship ........................................... 1022 Historical View of Culture Development ...................................................... 1024 Global Perspective of Culture Development ................................................... 1026 Conceptual Framework ......................................................................... 1027 Literature Review ............................................................................... 1029 Why Should Educators/Educational Leaders Study Abroad? ............................. 1029 Social Justice Issues in US Higher Education .............................................. 1032 What Are They? ............................................................................. 1033 Racism ....................................................................................... 1033 Sexism ....................................................................................... 1035 Genderism ................................................................................... 1036 Social Justice Issues in Ireland and Northern Ireland Higher Education .................. 1037 What Are They? ............................................................................. 1037 How Are These Addressed by Study Abroad? ............................................. 1039 Analyzing Outcomes ........................................................................... 1040 Conclusion ...................................................................................... 1044 References ...................................................................................... 1044 Abstract Study abroad programs are designed to increase intercultural competencies in participants and provide them with a deeper understanding of issues of equity and inclusion globally. Social justice issues around higher education equity of access, funding, and social inclusion are currently at the forefront of the global education agenda. This literature review examines social justice issues in the United States, Ireland, and Northern Ireland. Subsequently, Ameny-Dixon’ s N. L. Hacker · R. R. Umpstead (*) Department of Educational Leadership, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA e-mail: hacke1nl@cmich.edu; umpst1r@cmich.edu © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 R. Papa (ed.), Handbook on Promoting Social Justice in Education, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14625-2_121 1021