© J PIONEER MED SCI.www.jpmsonline.com Volume 4, Issue 3. July-September, 2014 Page | 143
Giant Malignant Phyllodes Tumor at a Tertiary
Care Hospital of Karachi, Pakistan
Summaya Saeed
1
, Aun Ali
1
, Amjad Siraj Memon
2
1
Assistant Professor Surgery, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
2
Professor of Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Keywords: Malignant phyllodes tumor; Surgery; Prognosis; Breast malignancy
axial view
Conflict of Interest: None
declared
This article has been peer
reviewed.
Article Submitted on: 20
th
January 2014
Article Accepted on: 26
th
May 2014
Funding Sources: None
declared
Correspondence to: Dr
Summaya Saeed
Address: Jinnah Medical
and Dental College,
Karachi, Pakistan
Email:
summayasaeed@hotmail
.com
Cite this Article: Saeed S,
Ali A, Memon AS. Giant
malignant phyllodes
tumor at a tertiary care
hospital of Karachi,
Pakistan. J Pioneer Med
Sci. 2014; 4(3): 143-145
INTRODUCTION
Phyllodes tumors are rare breast tumors
accounting for <1% of all breast malignancies
[1]. Most of these tumors are benign, but some
have a malignant potential. These tumors
commonly occur in females during the 4
th
or 5
th
decade of life. Patient usually presents with
smooth breast lump felt beneath the skin. The
breast may become red and warm to touch. These
tumors can grow rapidly and the associated
symptoms can mimic other types of breast
carcinoma, particularly if the mass ulcerates and
bleeds. Histopathologically, these tumors are
characterized by increased cellularity, enhanced
stromal proliferation, intra-canalicular growth
(leaf like pattern) and the presence of increased
mitotic figures. The only treatment option for
these tumors is surgical removal [2, 3].
In this case report, we present a case of a giant
malignant phyllodes tumor in a 38 years old
young female.
CASE REPORT
A 38 years old unmarried female presented with
a gradually increasing mass in the left breast for
one and a half year and bleeding from the
ulcerated mass for one and a half months. She
had felt a small mass in her left breast that grew
in size gradually, until the difference in the size
of her breasts became very evident. Three
months prior to her presentation, patient noted
clear watery discharge from her breast that later
became foul smelling. After a month and a half,
the mass ruptured and started bleeding. The mass
kept bleeding intermittently and became painful
for which patient took analgesics and did not
contact a physician for her symptoms. When the
symptoms became unbearable to her, she
presented at our hospital.
On presentation, she was alert, conscious and her
vital signs were stable. On breast examination,
entire left breast was occupied with a huge
ulcerating mass (>20cm in diameter) with areas
of necrosis at various places. Moreover, the mass
was profusely bleeding from different points.
There was no axillary lymphadenopathy and no
other masses were palpable. Her baseline
hemoglobin was 6g/dl and hematocrit 26, while
other investigations were within normal limits.
As most of the breast was necrotic and actively
bleeding, fine needle aspiration biopsy and Tru-
Cut biopsy were not performed. Examination of
the fluid discharge showed Staphylococcus
aureus growth and presence of necrotic cells.
Patient received blood transfusion pre-
operatively and underwent total mastectomy with
axillary sampling, but without axillary clearance.
Resected breast tissue measured ~ 20.5 x 17 x
10.9 cm in dimensions (Figure 1A-D). The cut
surface of the tumor showed yellowish brown
fatty upper half and dark brown hemorrhagic
lower half. Several nodular circumscribed masses
(measuring ~15 x 10 cm each) were observed.
Microscopically, fragments of breast tissue and
several circumscribed nodular masses consistent
with fibroadenomatous changes (Figure 2A-D)
Phyllodes tumor is a rare benign breast
cancer that carries malignant potential.
Malignant phyllodes tumors are
histologically sarcomas as they originate
from the connective tissue of the breast. We
present a case of a 38 year old female who
presented with complaints of a slow
growing painful lump in her left breast over
for one and a half year that later ruptured and
became necrotic. She was operated upon
with a provisional diagnosis of a fungating
breast growth; however, subsequent
histopathology report confirmed the tissue as
a malignant phyllodes tumor.