103 CHAPTER 7 ON THE IMPACTS OF GLOBALISATION ON PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT AND HUMAN SECURITY IN INDIA: A LONG-RUN ANALYSIS Partha Gangopadhyay, Agung Suwandaru and Walid Bakry ABSTRACT Public employment in India is often viewed as a source of job security. Hence, public employment seems to propel human security in India away from pov- erty and social exclusion. In the recent work, a signifcant attention has been accorded to understand how globalisation has impacted on job security and thereby human security in many developing countries. The literature revolves around two opposing effects of globalisation on the human security in a coun- try: frstly, the effciency hypothesis posits that globalisation tends to reduce the size of the government of a country to enable the country to attain compar- ative advantage for gainfully trading in the global economy. A reduction in the capacity of the government is argued to lead to a decline in public employment and, hence, a decline in human security with rising globalisation. Secondly, the compensation hypothesis argues that the size of government, and hence public employment, will increase with globalisation mainly to suitably man- age a domestic economy in a complex global setting with an increased role of government for creating social stability and social security. Depending on the New Frontiers in Confict Management and Peace Economics: With a Focus on Human Security Contributions to Confict Management, Peace Economics and Development, Volume 29, 103–114 Copyright © 2021 by Emerald Publishing Limited All rights of reproduction in any form reserved ISSN: 1572-8323/doi:10.1108/S1572-832320210000029007