Volume 2 | Issue 1 | 1 of 5 Nano Tech Appl, 2019 Anti-tumor Effects of Chitosan-grafted Cationic Polymer Nanoparticles against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines 1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq. 2 Department of Pathological Analyses, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq. * Correspondence: Hadi S. Al-Lami, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq. Received: 26 January 2019; Accepted: 22 February 2019 Maysoon H. Zaboon 1 , Hadi S. Al-Lami 1* and Afrodet A. Saleh 2 Nanotechnology & Applications ISSN 2639-9466 Research Article Citation: Maysoon H. Zaboon, Hadi S. Al-Lami, Afrodet A. Saleh. Anti-tumor Efects of Chitosan-grafted Cationic Polymer Nanoparticles against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Nano Tech Appl. 2019; 2(1): 1-5. ABSTRACT Nanoparticles made from natural and synthetic polymers (biodegradable and nonbiodegradable) witness ongoing an interesting area of research and a techno-economic sector with full expansion in many application domains. Therefore, Chitosan was the target in this work. It is obtained with a 98.3% yield, with a high degree of deacetylation (92.1%) from the local shrimp cortex. Chitosan-poly (PEG, PVA, and PVP) derivatives were synthesized by grafting copolymerization of chitosan with PVA, PVP, and PEG polymers, with yield, reached 77%, 78.3, and 87.5% respectively. FT-IR spectra of the chitosan and its derivatives verifed the expected copolymers structures desired to be synthesized. All of the chitosan and its grafted polymers were converted to nanoparticles size by subjecting them to sonication method. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine the shape and size of the prepared polymeric nanoparticles, and they developed using the ImageJ program. The micrographs revealed that the nanoparticles with spherical shapes and with diferent sizes were gained, but in general, they are less than 100nm in diameters. The cytotoxicity of the studied chitosan-g-polymers were examined against diferentiated three types of breast cancer cell lines, and the results revealed the highly signifcant (p<0.001), the efect of these polymers in comparing with the non-treated cell lines, especially with chitosan-grafted-poly (ethylene glycol) nanoparticles (CS-g-PEG), the cell viability reduced to 23.33% ± 1.528, 25.67% ± 1.155 and 45.67% ± 5.508 against BT cells, MCF-7 cells, and SKBR3 cells, respectively. Keywords Nanoparticles, Chitosan, ImageJ program, Breast cancer, Cell viability. Introduction Biopolymer nanoparticles are small colloidal particles which are made of non-biodegradable and biodegradable polymers with a diameter generally around 200 nm [1]. These structures can enhance dermal uptake or improve the tolerability of active substances and allow drug targeting to the diferent layers of skin. In the preparation stage, the choice of the polymeric material is a crucial step in developing a pharmaceutical strategy [2]. They have many benefts over the other nanoparticle systems know so far, this is mightier due to their ease the preparation from well- understood polymers and have high stability in biological fuids as well as during storage. The fabrication of these systems is greatly dependent on their morphology and composition of the periphery; they are characterized by their physicochemical structures. They include polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), dendrimers, polymeric micelles, polymersomes, polymer conjugate, polymer-lipid hybrid, and polyplex [3]. Nanoparticle innovation is being incorporated into numerous regions of sub-atomic science and biomedicine. Nanoparticles are magnifcent tumor-focusing vehicles because of its distinctive property of solid tumors [4]. They can bind DNA fragments, drugs, and proteins, thus exerting the function of transportation and targeted therapy, and enhance increasing targeting efciency of drug molecules. At present, numerous surface-modifed compounds