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Category: Geographic Information Systems
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch297
Application of Geospatial Mashups in
Web GIS for Tourism Development
INTRODUCTION
Tourism is defined by the World Tourism Or-
ganisation (NSCB, 2004), as the act travelling
for the purpose of recreation and the provision of
services for this act. Currently, tourism industry
is one of the fastest growing industries all over
the world. This smokeless industry is basically a
kind of service industry, as it renders service to
the tourists and all other supporting industries
related to tourism like, hotel industry, transport
industry etc. This business involves many socio-
economic activities like promotion and advertising
tourist spots and destinations, providing effective
transport facility, fooding-lodging, entertainment
etc. At the same time when the tourism industry
is flourishing it helps in socio-economic develop-
ment of those tourist destinations. It also helps in
strengthening the economical status of the country
by earning foreign currencies without export-
ing national wealth. So, it is obvious that if this
industry becomes more effective and efficient, it
will definitely be the major source of revenue and
will take a leading role in the overall economic
development of the nation. Information and Com-
munication Technology (ICT) can lead tourism to
emerge as a new mantra for alternative economic
development (Buhalis, 1998). Information Tech-
nology breaks the geographical boundaries so it
is shared to the global audiences. Information
Technology integrates between tourism product
and requirement of the tourists. Due to changes
in tourists or visitors behavior, the tourism market
is becoming more segmented with each potential
tourist belonging to a number of market segments
(Cheng et al., 2002). Tourist operators need to be
aware of these changes and be equipped to respond
or better still, take a proactive approach. Techno-
logical revolution during 1990s brought with it
new opportunities and challenges for the tourism
industries. Technology has become fundamental
to the ability of the global tourism industry to
operate effectively and competitively. Information
technology is being rapidly diffused throughout
the tourism industry and that no player will escape
from information technologies impacts. These
technological innovations started in the 1970s
when the main airlines set up CRSs (Computer-
ized Reservation Systems), with the strategic
aim of building a global distribution network for
their products. Connecting travel agencies to the
CRSs set off a process of distribution automa-
tion involving an ever-increasing number of tour
operators, carriers, and car hire firms, individual
hotels, hotel chains, and other hospitality firms.
Geographical Information System, an ICT tool
has been extensively used for tourism promotion
and management. It was in use for GIS data de-
sign and collection, database design management
and application of tourism analysis and problem
solving. Currently, Internet has become the in-
separable part of the Information and communica-
tion Technology. Online technologies within the
tourism industry have significantly impacted on
communications, transactions and relationships
between the various industry operators and with
Somnath Chaudhuri
Maldives National University, Maldives
Nilanjan Ray
Adamas University, India