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Tsai, et al: MBL in pediatric SLE
Personal non-commercial use only. The Journal of Rheumatology Copyright © 2011. All rights reserved.
Mannose-binding Lectin Expression Genotype in
Pediatric-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus:
Associations with Susceptibility to Renal Disease and
Protection Against Infections
YI-CHAN TSAI, KOU-WEI YEH, TSUNG-CHIEH YAO, YU-LIN HUANG, MING-LING KUO, and JING-LONG HUANG
ABSTRACT. Objective. To study possible associations between extended mannose-binding lectin (MBL) expres-
sion genotypes and clinical manifestations and infections in children with systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE).
Methods. Clinical and laboratory variables for a cohort of 125 patients with pediatric-onset SLE
were obtained by clinical examinations and chart reviews. Controls were 137 age-matched and
sex-matched healthy children and adolescents. MBL gene polymorphisms were genotyped by poly-
merase chain reaction. Serum MBL concentrations were measured by ELISA.
Results. The frequencies of extended MBL expression genotypes did not differ between patients and
controls. There were 82 patients with SLE who had high MBL expression genotypes and 43 who had
medium and low MBL expression genotypes. Patients with the high MBL expression genotype had
renal disorders more frequently than patients in the group with medium and low MBL expression
genotypes [54/82 (65.9%) vs 18/43 (41.9%), respectively; p = 0.013] and fewer serious bacterial
infections [22/82 (26.8%) vs 20/43 (46.5%); p = 0.030]. Using logistic regression for patients with
SLE, a high MBL expression genotype was independently associated with renal disorders (OR 2.49,
95% CI 1.15–5.39, p = 0.021) and had a protective effect against serious bacterial infections (OR
0.29, 95% CI 0.12–0.71, p = 0.007). MBL levels decreased significantly when patients with active
SLE reached an inactive stage (1.56 ± 0.55 µg/ml vs 1.08 ± 0.65 µg/ml; p = 0.001), but these levels
were still higher than those in controls.
Conclusion. Our findings suggest that a high MBL expression genotype is a risk factor for renal dis-
order, while it has a protective effect against infections. Serum MBL levels reflect SLE activity.
(First Release May 1 2011; J Rheumatol 2011;38:1429–35; doi:10.3899/jrheum.100961)
Key Indexing Terms:
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN
PEDIATRIC NEPHRITIS INFECTION
From the Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,
Chia-Yi; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Chang Gung
Institute of Technology; and Department of Microbiology and
Immunology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung
University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Supported by a Chang Gung Medical Research Progress Grant
(CMRPG 460031) and National Science Council Grants
(NSC 95-2314-B-182A-172-MY3 and NSC 98-2314-B-182-002-MY3).
Y-C. Tsai, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial
Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of
Medicine, Chang Gung University, and Chang Gung Institute of
Technology; K-W. Yeh, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics,
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University; T-C. Yao,
MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung
Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University; Y-L. Huang, MD,
Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang
Gung University; M-L. Kuo, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical
Sciences, Chang Gung University; J-L. Huang, MD, Professor,
Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang
Gung University.
Address correspondence to Dr. J.L. Huang, Division of Allergy, Asthma
and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial
Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
E-mail: long@adm.cgmh.org.tw
Accepted for publication February 10, 2011.
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a component of the com-
plement system, plays an important role in innate host
defense. Serum MBL can directly opsonize microorganisms
and enhance their uptake by phagocytic cells by activation
of the lectin pathway of the complement system
1
. In addi-
tion, it has been suggested that MBL modulates inflamma-
tion and autoimmune diseases
2,3
. Six single-nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter and structural region
of the human MBL gene on chromosome 10q are known to
influence plasma levels of MBL.
Individuals who are heterozygous or homozygous for
SNP in codons 52 (allele D, rs5030737), 54 (allele B,
rs1800450), or 57 (allele C, rs1800451) in exon 1 of the
MBL gene have structural changes that lead to reduced or
deficient plasma levels of MBL
2,4
. The wild-type allele is
designated A, while the common designation for variant
alleles is O. In addition, MBL concentrations fluctuate
because of the presence or absence of 3 SNP in the promot-
er region of the MBL gene (position –550: alleles H/L,
rs11003125; position –221: alleles X/Y, rs7096206; and
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