Synthesis of Fe(III) Complexes as Antioxidants and DNA Cleavage Protectors Prakash Naik HR 1 , Rajappa JJ 2 , Karmakar B 2 , Raja Naika H 3 , Ramachandra Naik M 4* , Ramesh TP 5 , Pompee Chanda 6 , Poonam Gusain 7 and Bhojya Naik HS 1 1 Department of Studies and Research in Industrial chemistry, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta-577 451, India 2 Division of Natural Resource Management (Agroforestry), ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region Umiam (Barapani), Meghalaya-793103, India 3 Department of Studies and Research in Environmental Science, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572103, India 4 Department of Studies and Research in Applied Botany, School of Biological Sciences, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta-577451, India 5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania University, Hershey, USA 6 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute-Regional Station, Kolkata-700037, India 7 Department of Botany and Microbiology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India * Corresponding author: Ramachandra Naik M, Department of Studies and Research in Applied Botany, School of Biological Sciences, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta-577451, India, Tel: +91 96207 20591; E-mail: rcnaik1@gmail.com Received: March 13, 2018; Accepted: March 22, 2018; Published: April 13, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 Prakash Naik HR, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Synthesis of quinolines containing selenium and sulfur bioactive ligands and their Fe(III) complexes is described. Invitro antioxidant activity were evaluated against, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical, reducing power and hydroxyl radical (·HO). At different concentrations, (20-60 µg/mL) the total antioxidant activity of synthesized ligands showed 71, 75 and 83% and complexes showed 76, 85, 94% of inhibition. Where at the same concentration and experimental condition the standard antioxidant such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and α-tocopherol exhibited 94, 95 and 63% inhibitions on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion. In support to antioxidants, DNA cleavage investigation of complexes leads to protective effect on DNA cleavage. Hence, this study confirms ligands and their Fe(III)-chelator as antioxidants as well as protect against DNA cleavage. Keywords: Antioxidant; DNA damage; Free radicals; Peroxidase; Quinone Introduction Majority of the diseases/disorders are mainly linked to oxidative stress due to free radicals [1]. Free radicals are fundamental to any biochemical process and represent an essential part of aerobic life and metabolism [2]. Te most common reactive oxygen species (ROS) include superoxide (O 2 ·- ) anion, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), peroxyl (ROO - ) radicals, and reactive hydroxyl (OH·) radicals. Te nitrogen derived free radicals are nitric oxide (NO . ) and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO . ). ROS have been implicated in over a hundreds of diseases states which range from arthritis and connective tissue disorders to carcinogenesis, aging, physical injury, infection and acquired immunodefciency syndrome [3]. In treatment of these diseases, antioxidant therapy has gained an immense importance. To overcome this problem, current research is now directed towards fnding synthetic and naturally occurring antioxidants of plant origin. Recent studies on intramolecularly stabilized organoselenium and sulfur compounds show that the Se and S interactions play an important role in the catalytic antioxidant activity [4]. Since, Se resembles sulfur (S) in many of its properties [5], they may be considered to be isosteric [6]. Te biological and pharmaceutical activities of diferent selenium compounds are of special interest because it function found in the active site of a large selenium dependent enzymes, such as (GSH-Px) [7,8], modifcation of metal toxicity [9] and prevention of cancer [10]. Further, in living organisms free radical formation and the free radical defense system are closely related to metal ions and complexes [11,12]. Iron is one of the essential element involved in several biological functions, acting as a catalytic component of many metalloenzymes, including SOD. Transition metal complexes of Mn(II)/Mn(III), Cu(II) and Fe(III) have notably shown important antioxidant properties, namely SOD mimetic activity [13-15]. Fenton reaction describes Fe(II) induced hydroxyl radical formation [16-18] and other transition metal ions (V, Cr) take part in fenton-like reactions [19,20]. Previous studies have demonstrated that chemical modifcations in the ring size, donor atoms and substituents on the complexes, may have profound efects both on the stability and the antioxidant activities [21,22]. Tese, antioxidant supplement may reduce oxidative damage [23]. Since, the damage occurs invivo by hydroxyl radical generated in metal-mediated Fenton-type reactions [24]. Herein support to free radical mechanism in antioxidant activity we carried out DNA cleavage behavior in presence hydrogen peroxide, the results leads to DNA cleavage protector. To the best of our knowledge, the metal complexes with ligand containing sulfur and selenium for antioxidants are not reported yet. So, in view of biological importance of selenium and sulfur, in the present work we describe iron(III) complexes of substituted quinoline containing sulfur and selenium focusing on their possible application as antioxidants and DNA cleavage protectors. N a t u r a l P r o d u c t s C h e m i s t r y & R e s e a r c h ISSN: 2329-6836 Natural Products Chemistry & Research Prakash Naik, et al., Nat Prod Chem Res 2018, 6:3 DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000317 Research Article Open Access Nat Prod Chem Res, an open access journal ISSN: 2329-6836 Volume 6 • Issue 3 • 1000317