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International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 2020; 6(1): 183-188
ISSN Print: 2394-7489
ISSN Online: 2394-7497
IJADS 2020; 6(1): 183-188
© 2020 IJADS
www.oraljournal.com
Received: 26-11-2019
Accepted: 29-12-2019
Ausma Jan
Post Graduate Student,
Department of Orthodontics and
Dentofacial Orthopaedics, M.R.
Ambedkar Dental College and
Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India
Rabindra S Nayak
Professor and Head Department
of Orthodontics and Dentofacial
Orthopaedics, M.R. Ambedkar
Dental College and Hospital,
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Kavya BR
Post Graduate Student,
Department of Orthodontics and
Dentofacial Orthopaedics, M.R.
Ambedkar Dental College and
Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India
Suresh S Nair
Senior Lecturer, Department of
Orthodontics and Dentofacial
Orthopaedics, M.R. Ambedkar
Dental College and Hospital,
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Srishti Galav
Post Graduate Student,
Department of Orthodontics and
Dentofacial Orthopaedics, M.R.
Ambedkar Dental College and
Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India
Rachana Chopra
Post Graduate Student,
Department of Orthodontics and
Dentofacial Orthopaedics, M.R.
Ambedkar Dental College and
Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India
Corresponding Author:
Ausma Jan
Post Graduate Student,
Department of Orthodontics and
Dentofacial Orthopaedics, M.R.
Ambedkar Dental College and
Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India
Correlation between curve of spee and various dental
and skeletal cephalometric parameters. A radiological
study
Ausma Jan, Rabindra S Nayak, Kavya BR, Suresh S Nair, Srishti Galav
and Rachana Chopra
Abstract
The aim of this study was to correlate Curve of Spee (COS) with various dental and skeletal
cephalometric parameters. The study comprised of 110 lateral cephalograms and orthodontic study
models. The subjects were divided into 5 groups on the basis of ANB angle and Angle’s molar relation.
A statistically significant correlation was found between Angle’s molar relation and COS. A statistically
significant linear positive relationship of COS with Jarabak Ratio and L7 to MP distance was seen. The
direction of the relationship was negative in relation to L1 to MP angle. It was concluded that depth of
COS was greater in Group IIb > Group IIa >GroupIIc >Group I >Group III. COS increases with an
increase in Jarabak’s ratio and L7 to MP distance and decreases with increase with L1 to MP angle.
Keywords: Curve of Spee, Angles molar relation, Jarabak ratio
.
1. Introduction
Curve of Spee (COS) is defined as the line on a cylinder which is tangent to incisal edges of
lower anteriors, occlusal surface of lower second molar and anterior border of condyle
[1]
.
Ferdinand Graf von Spee a German embryologist (1855-1937) was the first to describe the
Curve of Spee in 1890. He used skulls with abraded teeth to define the line of occlusion. This
line on a cylinder which is tangent to incisal edges of lower anteriors, occlusal surface of lower
second molar and anterior border of condyle Von Spee located the center of this cylinder in the
mid orbital plane having radius of 6.5 to 7.0 cm.
[1, 2]
Clinically COS is measured from distal
marginal ridges of the most posterior teeth in the arch to the incisal edges of the anteriors
[3]
.
Andrews
[4]
described six keys to normal occlusion. The curve of Spee is the sixth key to
occlusion. He found that the curve of Spee ranges from flat to mild in subjects with proper
occlusion and hence best static occlusion can be achieved with flat occlusal plane.
The understanding of how the curve of Spee develops is limited in literature. Some have
suggested that its development probably results from a combination of many factors which
include growth of orofacial structures, eruption of teeth and development of neuromuscular
system
[5, 6]
.It has been mentioned that the mandibular sagittal & vertical position relative to
cranium is related to curve of Spee, which is present in various forms in mammals. In humans
an increased curve of Spee is often seen in brachycephalic facial patterns and associated with
short mandibular bodies
[7, 8, 9].
Several theories have been proposed to explain the presence of COS in natural dentition. It has
been mentioned that an imbalance between the anterior and posterior components of occlusal
force can lead to supra eruption of lower incisors, infra eruption of premolars, mesial
inclination of lower molars. This altered condition requires special skills for the practitioner.
Thorough knowledge would be useful of how and when this this COS develops so that it will
help us in treatment planning
[10, 11]
.
Levelling the curve of Spee represents a routine procedure in orthodontic practice
[12]
and more
pronounced the curve is, additional space is required to flatten the dentition
[13]
. The
assessment of depth of curve of Spee represents a critical point for orthodontic diagnostic &
treatment protocol
[14]
.