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Khairul Haff Maidin and Tapsir Serin Economic and Technology Management Review, Vol. 9a(2014): 1 – 9
An analysis of food security in selected ASEAN countries
(Analisis keselamatan makanan di negara ASEAN terpilih)
Khairul Haff Maidin* and Tapsir Serin*
Keywords: food security, food production, per capita income, access women status
Abstract
This study examined the annual food security situation and its determinants in
selected ASEAN countries for the period of 1967 to 2009. The data analysis
techniques involved both descriptive and econometric analyses, where ordinary
least square procedure of regression was used in the econometric analysis.
The results of the study revealed that the selected ASEAN countries were food
secure, although, the long run sustainability of food security remains to be an
issue. This was based on per capita food availability and dietary energy supply
as well as dietary energy requirement. The determinants of food security were
analysed in the empirical analysis. Total food production, per capita income
and access women status were signifcant factors in explaining the level of
food security in the long term in the selected four ASEAN countries. The
regression model showed that 1% increase in total food production would result
in increase food security by 0.036%, whereas each 1% increase in per capita
income increases the food security by 0.027%. Similarly, access women status
has positive relationship with food security, 1% increase in access women status
would result in increase food security by 0.397%.
*Economic and Technology Management Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, P.O. Box 12301,
50774 Kuala Lumpur
E-mail: khairulhaff@mardi.gov.my
©Malaysia Agricultural Research and Development Institute 2014
every individual has the capability to access
enough food and utilises it in a correct way
(Bello 2004), while FAO (2003) described
food security as a situation where the
population has, at any time, social, economic
and physical access to an adequate quantity
along with quality of food to meet up every
day requirements and food preferences.
The availability of food varies over
time (season) and space (geographic
location). Food availability can be abundant
in some areas and critically scarce in
some other areas during certain season.
According to Barrett (2002), suffcient
food supplies at the national level or global
production and stocks do not promise for
the household food security as this might be
due to ineffcient in distribution of resources
Introduction
There has been a long-standing interest
in understanding the relationship between
booming in demand side and constraints
in supply side and its relation with food
insecurity. Since industrial revolution, large
part of national investments have been made
in industrial sectors, whereas proportion
of investment in agricultural production
decrease signifcantly. Besides that the
increasing per capita income, population
growth, bio fuel production, climatic
change and depleting resources are among
prominent reasons for food insecurity.
These issues have caused more concern
about food security.
Food security could be defned as
suffcient food availability per capita and