International Journal of Innovative Research in Electronics and Communications Volume 7, Issue 2, 2020, PP 8-11 ISSN No.: 2349-4050 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-4050.0702002 www.arcjournals.org International Journal of Innovative Research in Electronics and Communications Page | 8 A Review on Energy Efficient Green Communication Anjuri Kulkarni 1 , Aarushi Gautam 2 , Mayank Kothari 3 , Sachin Saonawane 4* 1,2 B.Tech student at NMIMS, Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, Shirpur 3,4 Faculty at NMIMS, Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, Shirpur 1. INTRODUCTION With the rapid growth of wireless communication networks, the energy consumption is also increasing at a fast rate. In order to provide improved data rate and better quality of service, service providers have led to a matter of concern over the energy efficiency. Researchers conclude that mobile operators are among the top energy consumers. The evolution from first and second generation networks to third and fourth generation networks was to improve capacity and 5G is currently in embryonic stage and will unravel by 2020. The energy efficiency of 5G networks is expected to increase 100x times from 1000mW/Mbps/sec to 10mW/Mbps/sec in future [7]. With the increasing energy cost and power consumption, wireless communication has led to various environmental problems. Thus green communication is an urgent need. Green Communication ambitions at improving the strength efficiency and lowering the electricity intake and emission of CO2 [5]. Wireless networking technologies with enhanced concept of cognitive radio for spectrum utilization will play a major role in green communication. However, it is contradicting the fact that the wireless verbal exchange infrastructures, just like the infrastructures controlled by way of cellular operators play a major role inside the ever-growing strength costs [1] [14]. This article first analyzes the need of ‘green solutions’, then the various challenges it is facing and thus provides the key techniques that will consequently help in reducing the environmental problems due to human activities. 2. NEED FOR GREEN COMMUNICATION With the over-rising demands of electronic calling gadgets and software driven smart phones, the internet is now available to all mobile users thus increasing the demand for broadband [8]. For fixing the difficulty, 1,20,000 Base stations are deployed each year for servicing all of the new mobile smartphone subscriber across the world. In OSI version the wonderful separation among the layers creates a barrier to transformational upgrades that's unsettled presently. A layout which integrates the complete verbal exchange community from physical layer through worldwide conversation system needs to be carried out [10]. *Corresponding Author: Sachin Saonawane, Faculty at NMIMS, Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, Shirpur, India. Abstract: Wireless communication has reached new heights with the increasing subscriber demands thus leading to emerging of environmental problems. It is becoming challenging to maintain the required quality of service in radio frequency communication. The temporary solution adapted by service providers to address the critical issues in radio communication including co-channel interference, adjacent channel interference, crosstalk etc. is to increase the power level of transmitted signal. But at the same time, such high power signals may affect living species badly and hence it is required to look forward for an alternate solution to high power signal communication. Green communication is capable to offer an effective solution for addressing these issues. It’s mitigation to the problem of CO2 emission and better performance has drawn researcher’s attention in past few years. It is also being thought as an energy efficient communication. The upcoming 5G networks are undergoing standardization and need to have least power consumption. This paper deals with reviews about the challenges and opportunities in establishing green communication and various key techniques. Keywords: energy efficiency, wireless spectral efficiency, 5G, MIMO, IOT