Research Article
Smart Mesoporous Silica Nanocapsules as Environmentally
Friendly Anticorrosive Pigments
C. Zea,
1
R. Barranco-García,
1,2
B. Chico,
1
I. Díaz,
1
M. Morcillo,
1
and D. de la Fuente
1
1
National Centre for Metallurgical Research (CENIM/CSIC), Avenida Gregorio del Amo 8, 28040 Madrid, Spain
2
Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP/CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
Correspondence should be addressed to D. de la Fuente; delafuente@cenim.csic.es
Received 30 June 2015; Revised 28 August 2015; Accepted 30 August 2015
Academic Editor: Ramazan Solmaz
Copyright © 2015 C. Zea et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Nowadays there is a special interest to study and develop new smart anticorrosive pigments in order to increase the protection
life time of organic coatings and, simultaneously, to fnd alternatives to conventional toxic and carcinogenic hexavalent chromium
compounds. In this respect, the great development of nanotechnologies in recent years has opened up a range of possibilities in
the feld of anticorrosive paints through the integration of encapsulated nanoscale containers loaded with active components into
coatings. By means of a suitable design of the capsule, the release of the encapsulated corrosion inhibitor can be triggered by diferent
external or internal factors (pH change, mechanical damage, etc.) thus preventing spontaneous leakage of the active component
and achieving more efcient and economical use of the inhibitor, which is only released upon demand in the afected area. In
the present work, the improved anticorrosive behaviour achieved by encapsulated mesoporous silica nanocontainers flled with an
environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor has been evaluated. It has been proven that a change in the pH allows the rupture of
the capsules, the release of the inhibitor, and the successful protection of the carbon steel substrate.
1. Introduction
Te application of protective organic coatings is one of the
most widespread approaches used nowadays for corrosion
protection of diferent metallic materials. Te main role
of the anticorrosive coating is to protect metals forming
efective barrier against corrosive species present in diferent
environments. However, the aging of the polymer together
with accidental mechanical impacts could lead to the forma-
tion of defects interrupting the barrier and providing direct
ingress of the corrosive species to the metal surface [1]. Afer
corrosion started, the polymer coating itself cannot protect
the defective zone and is not able to stop propagation of
the defect. For that reason, conventional anticorrosive paint
coatings also contain pigments which constantly release sub-
stances actively inhibiting corrosion (corrosion inhibitors).
However, this continuous and uncontrollable leaching of the
active component could lead to fast exhausting and osmotic
blistering of polymer flms, both reducing the protection
lifetime of the coating.
In addition, until recent years, anticorrosive paint for-
mulation technologies have relied almost exclusively on the
use of chromates as metallic corrosion inhibitor pigments.
Diferent types of chromates (Cr
6+
) have proven to be highly
efective pigments in the protection of diferent metals against
corrosion, especially in the case of steel. Te great efciency
of organic coatings pigmented with chromates is attributed
to three factors: (i) suitable solubility of chromate type pig-
ments; (ii) high inhibitor efciency; and (iii) establishment
of a dynamic process of storage, release, transport, and
inhibition [2]. However, the toxicity of these pigments to
human health, given their carcinogenic efects [3], and to the
environment [4, 5] is giving rise to severe restrictions on their
use [6, 7].
All of this has spawned an exhaustive search for envi-
ronmentally friendly alternatives to replace this type of
anticorrosive pigments and has become the great challenge
of the last years for all the sectors involved in anticorrosive
protection by organic coatings. When it comes to designing
and developing Cr
6+
-free systems, it is necessary to take into
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
International Journal of Corrosion
Volume 2015, Article ID 426397, 8 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/426397