JOURNAL OF E-LEARNING AND KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
Vol. 17, No. 1 (2021), pp. 1-9
© Italian e-Learning Association
1
The extent of South African schools’ preparedness to counteract 4IR
challenges: learners’ perspectives
Munyaradzi Sikhakhane
a
, Samantha Govender
a1
, Mncedisi Christian Maphalala
b
a
University of Zululand, South Africa
b
North West University, School of Professional Studies in Education, South Africa
(submitted: 20/5/2020; accepted: 14/3/2021; published: 18/5/2021)
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to explore learners’ perspectives on how their schools are preparing them to prosper in the
Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) era which is powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI). Taking cognisance of the learners’
perspectives on how South African schools are preparing them is essential for enabling the education fraternity to ascertain
its level of effectiveness and efficiency hence improving its state of readiness to face the challenges of the 4IR. Therefore,
the exploration of the level of preparedness, in line with 4IR challenges, can assist educational policy makers and planners
to be more proactive and craft mechanisms to ameliorate the obstacles and discrepancies inhibiting the acquisition of the
21st century educational competences and skills. Employing a qualitative paradigm, semi-structured focus group
interviews were used to solicit data from a sample of 30 grade 10 and 11 learners. Findings reveal that computer technology
was irregularly and insignificantly used indicating that South African schools are highly ineffective in dispensing grade-
appropriate skills thus producing ill-prepared learners to prosper in the 4IRworld of work.
KEYWORDS: Artificial Intelligence, Fourth Industrial Revolution, level of preparedness, Technology Acceptance Model
1. Introduction
Preparedness for the future is crucial in all education
systems if the young generation is to prosper in this era
characterised by fusion of disruptive technologies.
Schools in South Africa need to equip learners with
critical computational thinking skills for them to
function effectively in the 21st century. If all South
African schools are to take advantage of the advent of
the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) they need to be
contingent on their abilities to transform the education
system to equip the millennial generation with new
1
corresponding author - email: govendersa@unizulu.ac.za
skillsets such as deep learning and promoting other 'soft'
skills (techUK, 2018) in their schools simultaneously
ensuring that teachers, across the curricula, are up-
skilled in regard to digital-wiseness; encouraged and
supported to engage in lifelong learning.
Despite extensive research on 4IR challenges and work
requirements (Human Sciences Research Council, 2018)
current literature insignificantly highlights the
unpreparedness of the South African education system
in facing the said challenges hence a glaring
manifestation of a gap necessitated this evaluative study.
Congruently, in a dialogue conference (10 - 12
December 2018) on Disruptive Technologies and Public
Policy in the age of the 4IR, Gastrow (2018) asserted
that the 4IR national policy framework’s purpose was to
harness the power of the 4IR towards the achievement
of South Africa’s developmental aspirations, which in a
way focuses on how to prosper with such a global
phenomenon (4IR) that is powered by ever-changing
digital technology without putting to the fore the
findings pertaining to the extent of preparedness of
South African education system to counteract such
DOI
https://doi.org/10.20368/1971-8829/1135265
CITE AS
Sikhakhane, M., Govender, S., & Maphalala, M.C. (2021). The
extent of South African schools’ preparedness to counteract 4IR
challenges: learners’ perspectives. Journal of e-Learning and
Knowledge Society, 17(1), 1-9.
https://doi.org/10.20368/1971-8829/1135265