Objective: To evaluate a modified suprameatal transepitympanic approach for cochlear implantation in bilateral simultaneous
and sequential cochlear implantation.
Study design: Retrospective study of 17 patients who were implanted sequentially (5) and simultaneously (12) with a
functional cochlear implantation method in a university medical center. All clinical and surgical data were stored in a database
and analyzed by microcomputer.
Results: In all cases a total insertion could be performed. The average overall operation time was 3 : 26 ± 20 (hr:min) for the
simultaneous cases. No major complications were encountered as a result of our modified implantation method. There were
no taste disturbances, vertigo complaints or headache postoperatively. All patients benefit from a good hearing result after
cochlear implantation.
Discussion: Simultaneous and sequential bilateral cochlear implantation with the suprameatal non - mastoidectomy approach
is our opinion safe and less time consuming method to implant a cochlear prosthesis compared with the classic mastoid
approach. The method is less invasive and avoid the risk of facial nerve injury. Another great advantage of the suprameatal
approach with all its variations is the possibility to switch over when needed to the classic surgical approach introduced many
years ago.
Submitted : 30 August 2010 Revised: 01 February 2011 Accepted : 02 February 2011
Introduction
House introduced the classic surgical technique for
cochlear implantation
[1]
. This surgical technique
consists of a mastoidectomy and a posterior
tympanotomy and this approach is still worldwide the
most frequently used technique for cochlear
implantation. This classic surgical technique uses a
simple mastoidectomy. After the complete
mastoidectomy a posterior tympanotomy is performed
with special attention to the facial nerve (facial nerve
monitoring is mandatory) and the chorda tympani.
Through the large posterior tympanotomy a
cochleostomy can be performed for electrode
insertion. The classic technique has proven to be
sufficient in the vast majority of cochlear
implantations. Still complications concerning the
facial nerve can occur. Perioperative facial nerve
paralysis is rare but has been reported in the Cochlear
Corporation and Clarion data. In all these cases the
posterior tympanotomy was performed via the facial
recess drilling within a millimeter of the facial
nerve.
[2,3]
.
To avoid negative side effects as a temporary or
permanent injury to the facial nerve new cochlear
implantation techniques were introduced by
Kronenberg
[4]
and Kiratzidis
[5]
without a
mastoidectomy and a posterior tympanotomy. It is a
functional approach leaving the delicate structures of
the pneumatized mastoid intact. It is almost impossible
to injure the facial nerve or the chorda tympani with
this approach. Bilateral simultaneous cochlear
implantation using this alternative approach is possible
demonstrated by Migirov & Kronenberg
[6]
.In the
present study we present our experience with the
suprameatal cochlear implantation technique in
bilateral cochlear implantations in children and adults
with a focus on the reduction of surgery time.
31
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Our Experience with Bilateral Cochlear Implantations Using a Suprameatal Approach
Rinze A Tange, Yvette Smulders, Wilko Grolman
Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht the Netherlands (TRA, SYE, GW)
Corresponding address:
R.A.Tange
University Medical Center Utrecht. Dept. Otorhinolaryngology.
Heidelberglaan 100. 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
E-mail: R.A.Tange@umcutrecht.nl
Copyright 2005 © The Mediterranean Society of Otology and Audiology
Int. Adv. Otol. 2011; 7:(1) 31-34