IOP Publishing Journal: Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering 2021 Roadmap on Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering Dennis V. Christensen 1 , Regina Dittmann 2 , Bernabé Linares-Barranco 3 , Abu Sebastian 4 , Manuel Le Gallo 4 , Andrea Redaelli 5 , Stefan Slesazeck 6 , Thomas Mikolajick 6,7 , Sabina Spiga 8 , Stephan Menzel 9 , Ilia Valov 9 , Gianluca Milano 10 , Carlo Ricciardi 11 , Shi-Jun Liang 12 , Feng Miao 12 , Mario Lanza 13 , Tyler J. Quill 14 , Scott T. Keene 15 , Alberto Salleo 14 , Julie Grollier 16 , Danijela Marković 16 , Alice Mizrahi 16 , Peng Yao 17 , J. Joshua Yang 17 , Giacomo Indiveri 18 , John Paul Strachan 19 , Suman Datta 20 , Elisa Vianello 21 , Alexandre Valentian 22 , Johannes Feldmann 23 , Xuan Li 23 , Wolfram H.P. Pernice 24,25 , Harish Bhaskaran 23 , Emre Neftci 26 , Srikanth Ramaswamy 27 , Jonathan Tapson 28 , Franz Scherr 29 , Wolfgang Maass 29 , Priyadarshini Panda 30 , Youngeun Kim 30 , Gouhei Tanaka 31 , Simon Thorpe 32 , Chiara Bartolozzi 33 , Thomas A. Cleland 34 , Christoph Posch 35 , Shih-Chii Liu 18 , Arnab Neelim Mazumder 36 , Morteza Hosseini 36 , Tinoosh Mohsenin 36 , Elisa Donati 18 , Silvia Tolu 37 , Roberto Galeazzi 37 , Martin Ejsing Christensen 38 , Sune Holm 39 , Daniele Ielmini 40 , and N. Pryds 1,41 . 1 Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark 2 Peter Gruenberg Institute 7, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, 52425 Juelich, Germany and JARA-FIT, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany 3 Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (IMSE-CNM), CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain 4 IBM Research – Zurich, Switzerland 5 STMicroelectronics, Agrate, Italy 6 NaMLab gGmbH, 01187 Dresden, Germany 7 Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems, TU Dresden; Dresden, Germany 8 CNR-IMM, Agrate Brianza (MB), Italy 9 FZ Juelich (PGI-7), Juelich , Germany 10 Advanced Materials Metrology and Life Science Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Torino, Italy 11 Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy 12 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China 13 Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. 14 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America 15 Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom. 16 Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767 Palaiseau, France 17 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 18 Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland 19 Hewlett Packard Laboratories, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, San Jose, CA, USA 20 Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA 21 CEA, LETI, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France 22 CEA, LIST, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France 23 Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, OX1 3PH Oxford, UK 24 Institute of Physics, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany Heisenbergstr. 25 Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany 26 Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA 27 École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland 28 School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia 29 Institute of Theoretical Computer Science, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria 30 Department of Electrical Engineering, New Haven, Yale University, USA 31 International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan 32 CerCo, Université Toulouse 3, CNRS, CHU Purpan, Pavillon Baudot, 31059 Toulouse, France 33 Event Driven Perception for Robotics, Italian Institute of Technology, iCub Facility, Genoa, Italy 34 Dept. of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA 35 Prophesee, Paris, France 36 University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Catonsville, USA 37 Technical University of Denmark, Denmark 38 The Danish Council on Ethics, Denmark 39 Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 40 Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy 41 Email: Nini Pryds, nipr@dtu.dk