Scientific Research Journal (SCIRJ), Volume III, Issue IV, April 2015 48 ISSN 2201-2796 www.scirj.org © 2015, Scientific Research Journal Comparative Studies on Integration of Photovoltaic in Hot and Cold Climate Mobark Mohamed Osman Department of Architecture Eastern Mediterranean University Gazimagusa, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey mubarakus@yahoo.com Asst.Prof.Dr.Halil Zafer Alibaba Department of Architecture Eastern Mediterranean University Gazimagusa, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey halil.alibaba@emu.edu.tr Abstract- Photovoltaic modules (panels) have potentiality of generating clean, silent, electricity without burning of fuel fossil which may cause tremendous damage to our natural environment. When photovoltaic is integrated in building envelope, it would serve a dual purposes, first generate electricity secondly serves as a building element. For the photovoltaic integration to fulfill its optimum goal it should uplift building appearance, and enhance aesthetic quality and flexibility of the building. The objective of this research is to investigate the efficiency of photovoltaic integration in building in hot and cold climates, and how could it be optimized for sustainable development. The methodology adapted was based on comparative case studies of office buildings from hot climate, where Sudan was chosen as case study area, and for cold climates NCC Office building in Finland. It was discovered that thin film PV panel is more appropriate for hot climates and polycrystalline for cold climates. Index Terms— Mono-crystalline, Poly-crystalline, Thin film, PV Integration, Efficiency I. INTRODUCTION Photovoltaic is beautiful, tidy, immaculate, safe and effective tool that has been used in building for long time. Technological development that occurs in building material and construction technology made photovoltaic cells appropriate to be integrated in building envelope.(1) Until recently researchers concern on energy efficiency and utilization of renewable resources in building concentrates mostly on residential buildings. Notable advancement was made in the issue of subsidizing energy use in small scale residential building. Now days , researchers interest shifted from a small housing to larger public building types, this is more obvious and appropriate due to a tremendous increase in the population growth rate of people living in large cities across the world. (2) Generally, photovoltaic operates by converting energy from solar radiation in to electricity. PV panels have no mobile parts it operates silently without any noise emanating from them, and required less maintenance cost, without giving off greenhouse gasses or any pollutants as in fossil fuel generators. (3) The International Energy Agency (IEA) proposed that, if solar energy is amicably utili it could supply up to 11% of the world electricity production in the year 2050.This could only be achieved in situation where by many countries, encourages investments in renewable energy sector (PV panels) in the next 5-10 years, and reducing investment expenses. (4) & (URL.1) In building integrated photovoltaic(BIPV) system, PV panels are installed to substitute building fabric, therefore it serves as a climatic barrier for the building occupant, hence,and generates electricity, therefore, contribute as a cost effective element in built environment. (5) & (6) 1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Photovoltaic modules (panels) have potential of generating clean electricity without burning of fuel fossil which may cause tremendous damage to our natural environment. When photovoltaic is integrated in building envelope, it would serve a dual purposes, first generate electricity secondly serves as a building element. For the photovoltaic integration to fulfil its optimum goal it should affect building appearance, enhance its aesthetic quality and flexibility. This research aimed at comparing photovoltaic integration in hot and cold climate to find out the most suitable type of photovoltaic is most efficient to be used in each of the two climates. The research would put more emphasis on building façade integration. 1.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE The objective of this research is to investigate the efficiency of photovoltaic integration in building in hot and cold climate, and how could they be optimized for sustainable development. 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1- Is it possible to generate same quantity of energy from photovoltaic in both cold and hot climate? 2- How could we improve photovoltaic integration to achieve sustainable development? 3- What type of photovoltaic is efficient in each of cold and hot climate? 1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research methodology adapted in this research work is based on intensive literature review, comparative studies of various cases studies of photovoltaic integration of photovoltaic in cold and hot climatic regions, to arrive at final outcome. II. LITRITURE REVIEW 2.1 PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY Photovoltaic generates electricity through changing solar energy in to direct electric current by utilizing semi-conductors