International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | May 2017 | Vol 4 | Issue 5 Page 1436
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Ezeonu CT et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017 May;4(5):1436-1441
http://www.ijcmph.com
pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040
Original Research Article
Health emergency preparedness: an assessment of primary schools in
Abakaliki, South-Eastern Nigeria
Chinonyelum Thecla Ezeonu
1
*, Clifford Onuorah Okike
2
, Maria Nwakaego Anyansi
3
,
James Osaeloka Ojukwu
2
INTRODUCTION
Any child can have a medical emergency in school.
Schools are expected to anticipate and prepare to respond
to a wide variety of emergencies.
1
Emergencies are often
threatening to life and or property. They can occur
anywhere, at home, at work or at school. Children and
adults may experience medical emergency situations
because of injuries, complications of chronic health
conditions or unexpected major illnesses that occur in
school.
2
Emergencies require urgent intervention, in order
to save life or property or avoid worsening of damage.
The sources of emergencies may be medical e.g. from
injuries, complications of existing medical conditions
such as hypoglycemia, acute severe asthma, convulsions
or even epidemics such as cholera, meningitis or lassa
fever or can be structural e.g., from collapsed buildings,
ABSTRACT
Background: Children spend a significant proportion of their day in school, thus pediatric emergencies such as
exacerbation of medical conditions, accidental and intentional injuries are likely to occur. An estimate of 10 -25% of
injuries occur while the children are at school. It is the legal responsibility of the schools to ensure the safety and
well-being of the pupils/students and staff during school hours working towards prevention of accidents and being
prepared for immediate solutions when the accidents occur.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study of 31 registered primary schools in Abakaliki Metropolis. A prepared
check list of facilities necessary for emergency care at schools derived from the school health programme evaluation
scale was used for the assessment. Data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical package version 8, comparing
findings in public schools with the private schools using Chi square. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: A health room was available in 9.7% of schools exclusively private schools. Nurses, doctors and trained
first aiders were found in 6.5%, 9.7% and 32.3% respectively of schools. First aid boxes were available in 80.6% of
the schools but only 67.7% of the schools could offer first aid treatment at emergencies. None of the public schools
had a school safety patrol or a fire extinguisher in contrast to the private schools.
Conclusions: Schools, especially the public schools in Abakaliki metropolis are ill prepared for emergencies.
Keywords: Schools, Health emergencies, Preparedness
Department of Paediatrics,
1
Ebonyi State University,
2
Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
3
Department of Nursing sciences, Ebonyi State University, Nigeria
Received: 18 March 2017
Revised: 10 April 2017
Accepted: 11 April 2017
*Correspondence:
Dr. Chinonyelum Thecla Ezeonu,
E-mail: ctezeonu@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171752