World Applied Sciences Journal 35 (11): 2433-2444, 2017
ISSN 1818-4952
© IDOSI Publications, 2017
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2017.2433.2444
Corresponding Author: Zakaria El Haddad, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Faculty of Sciences, Modeling and Simulation of
Mechanical Systems Laboratory, BP.2121, Mhannech, 93030, Tetouan, Morocco.
2433
The Fatigue Life Prediction Analysis of Solder Joint in BGA
Packages Under Mechanical Cyclic Bending Loading and
Their Probability of Failure Using FORM and SORM Methods
Zakaria El Haddad, Othmane Bendaou and Larbi El Bakkali
Modeling and Simulation of Mechanical Systems Laboratory,
Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Faculty of Sciences BP.2121,
Mhannech, 93030, Tetouan, Morocco
Abstract: Nowadays electronics play a crucial role in several applications: medicine, embedded systems of
transportation and telecommunication. While achieving electrical functions, electronic systems must be safe,
reliable, have low thermal resistance (To dissipate the heat properly) and must be durable and insensitive to
the exterior environment variations (Humidity, thermal and mechanical shock ...) In this study a three-
dimensional finite element simulation using ANSYS 15.0.7 APDL on solder joint in a Ball Grid Array (BGA)
under Mechanical cycling bending test was executed to predict the fatigue life of solder joint. To predict the
latter, we divide our simulation analysis into e three parts as follows: First: three-dimensional finite element
analysis for calculating the stiffness assembly and imposed strain values. Second: one dimensional conjoint
creep and time independent plastic deformation analysis under mechanical cyclic bending loading for
calculating the inelastic strain energy. And finally, the life prediction analysis. Even when the solder joint under
mechanical cyclic bending loading reaches the steady-state response, the three-dimensional non-linear finite
element analysis simulation calculation is impractical; to make it practical, we have to determine the most critical
solder joint based on the equivalent stress values within the solder joints according to Darveaux and Syed
(2000). In this paper we also used a probabilistic approach to predict fatigue life of the most critical solder joint
under Mechanical bending cycle; to use only a determinist approach is not enough because it neglects the
variability of input parameters and this has an impact on the output result. The failure probability of the most
critical solder joint of BGA packaging is defined using two methods of numerical study of probabilistic methods
which are: The First and second Order Reliability Methods (FORM) and (SORM).
Key words: Fatigue Life Prediction Solder Joints Mechanical Bending Damages BGA Packaging
Failure Probability FORM SORM
INTRODUCTION The goal of this paper is to determine a combined
In most used microelectronic devices, a solder the fatigue failure of solder joints under a mechanical
joint of BGA package electronic plays a crucial role cyclic bending loading environment [8-10].
because it provides mechanical and electrical connections In our study the failure of solder joints in BGA
[1-7]. package is mainly caused by the stress generated by the
In this study we are going to focus on the mechanical cyclic bending loading, besides the package
reliability concerns of a solder joint of BGA package variables such as the package, the substrate, the die sizes,
since BGA package is widely used in the electronic the number of solder joints, the DNP, the pitch and the
industry. material proprieties. However, it is not simple to consider
determinist and probabilistic simulation model to predict