www.mjms.usm.my © Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2015 For permission, please email:mjms.usm@gmail.com Abstract Neuroimaging is a new technique used to create images of the structure and function of the nervous system in the human brain. Currently, it is crucial in scientifc felds. Neuroimaging data are becoming of more interest among the circle of neuroimaging experts. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a large amount of neuroimaging tools. This paper gives an overview of the tools that have been used to image the structure and function of the nervous system. This information can help developers, experts, and users gain insight and a better understanding of the neuroimaging tools available, enabling better decision making in choosing tools of particular research interest. Sources, links, and descriptions of the application of each tool are provided in this paper as well. Lastly, this paper presents the language implemented, system requirements, strengths, and weaknesses of the tools that have been widely used to image the structure and function of the nervous system. Keywords: neuroimaging, nervous system, bioinformatics, image analysis, medical imaging Introduction Recently, the feld of neuroimaging has been gaining increasing attention among scientists. Neuroimaging was developed (and grew increasingly as a feld) to allow experts to investigate differential involvement of both normal and abnormal parts of the brain in humans. In the past, there was considerable restriction on exploring neurophysiological structure and function associated with psychological processes. This is because those studies and experiments could only be done in animal models, post-mortem examinations, electrophysiological measures, and observations of the occasional unfortunate individual who suffered trauma to or disorders of the brain (1). Although neuroimaging is now becoming more popular and utilised by a large group of scientists, most of them are not ready to learn coding in order to create user interfaces or other functions since they are not specialised in programming. Even today, the user interfaces that are used by researchers are slow. Scientists have to be experts in coding in order for neuroimaging tools to be advantageous for them. In the past, neuroimaging tools were usually stand-alone and had to be installed in supported operating systems. They were designed to view the nervous system in black and white only. Now, web-based tools have been introduced and are often integrated with the most current databases to provide more accurate and precise information. Currently, it is diffcult to select the most suitable neuroimaging tools for viewing the structure and function of the nervous system of the human brain. The sheer range of available neuroimaging tools can be overwhelming. Special Issue - Neuroscience A Review on the Bioinformatics Tools for Neuroimaging Mei Yen Man 1 , Mei Sin Ong 1 , Mohd Saberi Mohamad 1 , Safaai Deris 2 , Ghazali sulOng 3 , Jasmy Yunus 4 , Fauzan Khairi Che harun 4 1 Artifcial Intelligence and Bioinformatics Research Group, Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Creative Technology & Heritage, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Locked Bag 01, 16300 Bachok, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia 3 Media and Game Innovation Centre of Excellence (MaGIC-X), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 4 Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia Submitted: 5 Oct 2015 Accepted: 3 Nov 2015 8 Malays J Med Sci. Dec 2015; Special Issue: 8-18