December 2021 · Volume 10 · Issue 12 Page 4377
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Nurdin A et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Dec;10(12):4377-4382
www.ijrcog.org
pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789
Original Research Article
Analysis of the relationship between premature rupture of
membranes with delivery method and newborn asphyxia
Azizah Nurdin
1
*, Haizah Nurdin
2
, Rahmayanti
3
, Mutmainnah Sari
4
INTRODUCTION
The maternal mortality rate (MMR) is the proportion of
maternal deaths caused by pregnancy, childbirth or
postpartum care but not by other causes such as accidents
or falls.
1
Maternal death according to the WHO is maternal
death during pregnancy or 42 days after delivery due to
causes or aggravated by pregnancy and not due to trauma
or injury and it is estimated that in 2017 around 810
women died every day due to complications and
childbirth.
2
Some of the common causes of maternal deaths include
bleeding 28%, infection of PROM 20%, eclampsia 12%,
abortion 13%, prolonged labor 18% and other causes 2%.
1
One of the infections that most often causes death is
endometritis and postpartum subinvolution due to
premature rupture of membranes during intrapartum. The
incidence of PROM is considered quite high when
compared to other pregnancy problems. The percentage of
PROM both at term and preterm is about 10% of all
pregnancies and is more common in primigravida, while
PROM at term has an incidence of about 8% of all term in
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20214631
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Alauddin Makassar,
Makassar, Indonesia
2
Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
3
Medical Degree, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Alauddin Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia
4
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Alauddin Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia
Received: 12 October 2021
Accepted: 09 November 2021
*Correspondence:
Azizah Nurdin,
E-mail: azizah.nurdin@uin-alauddin.ac.id
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Background: As many as 20% of maternal deaths are caused by premature rupture of membranes (PROM). The high
rate of PROM is believed to affect newborn asphyxia. In addition, the high rate of cesarean section is one of the reasons
or most frequent indications of PROM. Therefore, researchers were interested in knowing how the relationship between
PROM and delivery method and newborn asphyxia was.
Methods: This study was an analytical study conducted with a cross-sectional approach by taking secondary data from
patients through medical records of pregnant women who experienced PROM in January 2020 to July 2021.
Results: This study found that the incidence of PROM was more dominant in multiparous women 55.4%, in term
pregnancy 79.2%, duration of PROM ≥12 hours 55.4%, have normal leukocyte levels 76.2%, the incidence of asphyxia
(mild asphyxia) 90.1% and the rate of cesarean section as much as 24%. The bivariate analysis found a significant
relationship between the length of PROM and the method of delivery (p value 0.049) and the duration of PROM with
newborn asphyxia (p value 0.040) and there was no significant relationship between maternal leukocyte count and
newborn asphyxia (p value 0.444).
Conclusions: The longer the duration of PROM with delivery, the greater the chance of infection for the mother and
fetus. The length or duration of PROM will have an impact on the method of delivery and increase the likelihood of
asphyxia in newborns.
Keywords: Premature rupture of membranes, Labor, Asphyxia, Leukocytes, Caesarean section