June 2020 · Volume 9 · Issue 6 Page 2299 International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology Samal R et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jun;9(6):2299-2304 www.ijrcog.org pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789 Original Research Article Histomorphological analysis of placental changes of pre-eclampsia patients in a tertiary care hospital of Puducherry, India Rupal Samal 1 *, Anandraj Vaithy K. 1 , S. Sowmya 2 INTRODUCTION Placenta being a dynamic tissue synthesized physiologically to serve as a nutrient source for developing fetus, many a instance, it happens to be a platform to several degenerative changes depending upon the pregnancy associated morbidities. 1,2 Toxemia of pregnancy is a condition characterized by multisystem disorder involving hypertension during gestational period, proteinuria and triggering of coagulation cascade and its pathways with adjunction of hepatic and renal morbidities. 3,4 Both morphological and functional de- arrangements of placenta has a significant impact in fetal development and serves as a tool to categorize healthy status of the fetal development. 5 Overall it has been estimated that maternal hypertension is being diagnosed in 9 to 10 percentage of all deliveries and among that 20 to 25 percent of all perinatal deaths occurs. 6 Several studies have been carried out on analysing placenta in toxemic pregnancies but most of the studies were inclined towards clinical evaluation rather ABSTRACT Background: Placenta is a dynamic tissue synthesized physiologically to serve as a nutrient source for developing fetus it is exposed to several changes in reaction to many toxemic conditions associated with pregnancies. Studies had proved that placental changes observed on histomorphology is directly proportional to reaction to hemodynamic compensatory mechanisms, thereby aiding the obstetricians to manage the sequelae of complications. Objective of this study was to study the placental histomorphology in pregnancies associated with pre-eclampsia and to quantitate the observed placental changes. Methods: The study comprised on 101 placental specimens obtained from department of obstetrics and gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry. Toxemia of pregnancies were divided into mild, severe preeclampsia and eclampsia based on blood pressure. The 101 cases were divided as 4 groups: Group 1 (control group); Group 2 (mild preeclampsia); Group 3 (severe preeclampsia); Group 4 (eclampsia). Results: Among the 101 cases, 38 placentas were from uncomplicated full-term deliveries which constitutes the control group. The rest 63 placenta were from toxemia of pregnancies which constitutes the study group. Conclusions: The incidence of toxemic pregnancies and pre-eclamptic cases are on higher margin than assumed. Histomorphology examination of placenta plays a vital role in assessing etiopathogenesis and mechanism of toxemic pregnancies. This aids the obstetrician to further manage subsequent sequelae and fix the complication to significant proportion. Keywords: Histopathological changes, Placental changes, Pre-eclampsia, Toxemia DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20202300 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India 2 Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India Received: 20 March 2020 Accepted: 20 April 2020 *Correspondence: Dr. Rupal Samal, E-mail: rupalsamal1@yahoo.co.in Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.