Physiological Tests on Soybean Mutant Lines against
Stem Rot Disease Athelia Rolfsii Curzi
Paisal Mizra Mulyadi
1
, Diana Sofia Hanafiah
2
, Revandy Iskandar Muda Damanik
3
, Irda Safni
4
,
Luthfi Azis Mahmud Siregar
5
{pmanday.pm@gmail.com
1*
, dedek.hanafiah@yahoo.co.id
2
, damanik_revandy@hotmail.com
3
}
1,2,3
Agroecotechnology Departmen, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
*pmanday.pm@gmail.com
Abstract. Soybean plants are often attacked by soil fungi that cause the plants to become
wilted and generally caused by Athelia rolfsii Curzi. The research aims to test the
physiology of soybean mutant lines against the stem rot disease of Athelia rolfsii Curzi.
The results of data analysis showed that the inoculation of fungi to soybean mutant lines
increases the content of the enzyme SOD and POD’s in each soybean genotypes. There
are lines selected with the character resistant to stem rot A. rolfsii Curzi namely M100
A17 (18/5), M100 A25 (3/7), M200 A17 (18/5) and M200 A12 (6/5).
Keywords: soybean, mutant lines, Athelia rolfsii Curzi, SOD, POD
1 Introduction
The efforts that can be done in increasing genetic diversity and the improvement of
varieties to obtain superior varieties can be made through the induction of genetic mutations.
One way that can be done with physical mutagen. The physical mutagen is as ionizing
radiation, one of them is gamma ray [1].
One of the technological innovations that can improve soybean productivity is the use of
superior varieties. In the period from 1918 to 2015 there are 83 varieties of soybeans that have
been removed and sought to be distributed to farmers. These superior varieties have a variety
of potential character outcomes, harvest age, seed size, seed skin color, resistance to
biotic/abiotic stress, and adaptation areas [2].
One of the common fungi is A.rolfsii Curzi often attack soy, green beans, and peanuts in
the gardens scope of the crops research of legumes and tuber-Umbian (Iletri). The results of
identification of diseases of the plants that are attacked wilt generally show the disease caused
by A.rolfsii Curzi. A.rolfsii Curzi fungus survives in the soil or remnants of plants in the form
of Hyfa or Sclerotia as microorganisms that are of facultative parasites. A.rolfsii Curzi is the
cause of the stem rot at the soybean crop. The fungus will live as saprophytes when the host
plant is not found. In humid conditions, this fungus is also infected with soybean branches and
leaves that are near the ground. Such microorganisms have the ability of low saprophyte
competition activity [3].
The damage can caused by A.rolfsii Curzi can trigger changes to physiological, such as
membrane disorders, nutrient imbalance, impairs the ability to detoxify reactive oxygen
species (ROS). The concentration of ROS formed for the value of the highest SOD activity
shows the plant to recovery itself to overcome the hick against the stem rot disease. The high
IC2RSE 2019, December 04, Medan, Indonesia
Copyright © 2020 EAI
DOI 10.4108/eai.4-12-2019.2293809