Hemant Gulati et al. International Journal of Recent Research Aspects ISSN: 2349-7688, Vol. 4, Issue 4, Dec 2017, pp. 1-5 © 2017 IJRRA All Rights Reserved page-1- Impact of roadway condition, traffic and manmade features on road safety Er. Hemant Gulati 1 , Dr. Devinder Sharma 2 , Er. Neeraj Kumar 3 1 M.tech, SRMIET, Bhurewala, Ambala 2 Director, SRMIET, Bhurewala, Ambala 3 Assistant Professor, SRMIET, Bhurewala, Ambala Abstract- India is a developing country and safety of roads is still in a premature stage. Accident severity is increasing due to increasing in vehicle population. The road accident situation in India is alarming. Records show that there is one death at every 4 minutes because of road accidents. Road Safety is necessary to reduce accident involving both human and vehicles there by making the road more safe and user friendly to traffic. Area selected for the study was the Ambala Chandigarh Expressway section (km 5.735 to km 39.960 on NH-22 and 0 km to 0.871 km on NH-21). The location in a roadway where the traffic accident often occurs is called a black spot. . The safety deficiencies were detected to minimize accidents and save the road users. The deficiencies along with the measures for further improvement have been presented in this paper. Keywords – Impact, Roadway condition, Traffic, Road safety, Black spot analysis. I. INTRODUCTION Road safety is one of the most important problem in our society. Every year 1.24 million of people are killed and between 20 to 50 million people are injured in road accidents. If the current trends of road accidents continue then it will be predicting to be third leading contributor to the global burden of diseases and injury by 2020. India had earned the dubious distinction of having more number of fatalities due to road accidents in the world. Road safety is emerging as a major social concern around the world especially in India. Accidents are a drain on the national economy and may lead to disablement, death, damage to health and property, social suffering and general losses to the environment. To minimize the number of crashes by any kind and severity expected to occur on the entity during a specific period is known as road safety. Accidents and the fatalities on road are the result of inter-play of a number of factors. Road users in India are various in nature, ranging from pedestrians, animal- driven carts, bi-cycles, rickshaws, hand carts and tractor trolleys, to various categories of two/three wheelers, motor cars, buses, trucks, and multi-axle commercial vehicles etc. The vehicle population has been gradually increasing because of change in the style of living of people. Increase in vehicle population with limited road space used by a large variety of vehicles has heightened the need and urgency for a well thought-out policy on the issue of road safety. In India the rate of accident is directly proportional to growth of vehicle population. Road accidents are a human tragedy, which involve high human suffering. They impose a huge socio-economic cost in terms of untimely deaths, injuries and loss of potential income. The ramifications of road accidents can be colossal and its negative impact is felt not only on individuals, their health and welfare, but also on the economy. Consequently, road safety has become an issue of national concern. Road safety is a multi-sectoral and multi-dimensional issue. It incorporates the development and management of road infrastructure, provision of safer vehicles, legislation and law enforcement, mobility planning, provision of health and hospital services, child safety, urban land use planning etc. In other words, its ambit spans engineering aspects of both, roads and vehicles on one hand and the provision of health and hospital services for trauma cases in post-crash scenario. Causes of accidents and their contribution are as follows by statistics of Road accident in India (2016) Drivers fault - 77.5% Defects in road condition -1.5% Defects in motor vehicle - 1.6% Fault of bicyclist - 1.3% Fault of pedestrian - 2.4% Weather condition - 1.7% All other causes - 14% Road safety in India is the poorest in the world. According to MORTH 2013 India has the highest number of accidents in the world. Awareness among road users and safe design of road components is necessary to reduce accident involving both human and vehicles. Need and Objectives of Study Very little work has been done in India to analyze accidents on four-lane roads. The major objectives of the present work are listed below: (i) To study the annual, monthly, daily and hourly variation in accident rate on selected road Ambala- Chandigarh section- (km 5.735 to km 39.960 on NH-22 and 0 km to .871 km on NH 21). (ii) To study the effect of traffic volume, and road capacity on accident rate.