International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2016): 79.57 | Impact Factor (2017): 7.296 Volume 7 Issue 10, October 2018 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY The Analysis of Obesogen Phthalates and Genetical Mutation on Teens in Kediri City Sukojo Suwandani 1 , Edi Widjajanto 2 , M. Rasjad Indra 3 , Sri Andarini 4 1 Environmental Science Program, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2 Medical Science Program, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia 3 Medical Science Program, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia 4 Medical Science Program, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract: The obesity is an abnormality or disease that with excessive accumulation of body fat tissue. The occurrence of Obesity is caused by many factors, including diet, lifestyle, culture, genetics, and the environment. Fast food, labor-saving equipment, and inactive work habits can make body fat. Obesogen is known as an important element of the cause of obesity. Obesogen is a substance present in the environment, due to the use of certain substances in the processing of foodstuffs and other necessities in meeting human needs, which affects the disturbances of the hormonal system to genetic disorders. There is a difference in levels of obese to phthalates in obese adolescents and not obese. Obesogen phthalate cause obesity in adolescent. The environment influences obesity through genetic disorders through epigenetic DNA methylation. In this study DNA methylation did not occur, but DNA mutations. The conclusion of this study is 1) All obesity and non obesity samples are exposed to phthalate low molecule and high molecule, 2) Phthalate exposure is relatively no different, 3) The junior high school children of Kediri had phthalate molecule low and high phthalate molecule, where the amount of exposure is relatively the same for both obese and non obesity children, men, and women, 4) Genetic changes occur in the form of mutations (not epigenetic methylation), where adolescent obese is obtained 2x from non-obese. Keywords: Obesity, Obesogen, Tempe, Isoflavones 1. Introduction Obesity is a health problem worldwide, even WHO states that obesity is already a global epidemic, so obesity is a health problem that must be addressed immediately. The contemporary lifestyle that tends to be unbalanced between food intake and physical activity triggers the onset of this incident. The trend of modern society with a lifestyle of stress, competition, good food and excessive, lack of exercise time, triggers the buildup of body fat. The obesity rests on setting the balance of calories, with reduced intake and increased expenditure followed by maintaining a calorie balance when weight goals have been achieved. The simple idea that obesity can be explained by two factors: energy intake and energy expenditure is a question of lack of success in lowering obesity based on the focus on only these two factors. In animal studies, exposure to environmental chemicals (obesogen) has been shown to increase susceptibility to a number of diseases including obesity. Problems arising from obesity, will interfere with the lives of individuals, including economic losses, including decreased work productivity. The term of obesogen was invented in year 2006 by Bruce Blumberg, a professor of biology at the University of California, when he discovered that a lead-based compound called organotin may affect laboratory mice gain weight. Obesogen is known as an important element causing obesity. Obesogen is an existing substance in the environment, as a result of the use of certain substances in processing food and other necessities in meeting human needs, which affects the disturbance of the hormonal system to genetic disorders. The hypothesis that environment and nutrition have an impact on the mechanism of epigenetic gene regulation early in life, and affects metabolism in adults and the vulnerability of chronic diseases (Weaver IC, 2004). Environmental pollutants, the accompanying effects of chemicals present in the scope of everyday life, through the epigenetic process of DNA methylation give genetic changes that cause obesity. This process occurs from the womb and is passed on to the next generation. 2. Research Question The problem of this research is focused on several questions, namely: 1. What is the level of obesogen Phthalate in urine in adolescents? 2. Does obesogen phthalate cause DNA demethylation? 3. Does obesogen phthalate affect increasing obesity in adolescents? 3. Literature Review Obesity is a condition in which the body is overweight due to fat accumulation. Body fat measurements can be performed by measuring the thickness of fat under the skin of the upper arm, waist and abdomen using a skinfold caliper as an anthropometric measurement. Obesity is a condition in which the number and size of fat cells (adyposite cells) increases, while its function changes. Fat cells in addition have excessive energy storage functions, also have a function as a hormone producer and a number of proteins that are important in the physiological functions of the body. The principle of treating obesity is first to prevent complications and reduce the clinical symptoms that arise due to obesity. The achievement of normal weight is often unrealistic, and should not be a goal of weight loss. Moderate weight loss can provide significant health benefits. Several vitro studies and epidemiological studies suggest a link between exposure to environmental chemistry and Paper ID: ART20191531 DOI: 10.21275/ART20191531 22