Improving the Availability of Firewalls with a View to
Increasing ICT Consumption Due Covid-19
Abstract—Due to pandemic Covid-19, which suddenly
forced people to change their habits and stay in their homes
for several weeks, the daily routines changed, people could
no longer go to work or study, physical contact should be
avoided, care with personal hygiene improved and all types
of crowding avoided. This causes "home office" work to
skyrocket and reach significant peaks. In this way, the
demand for services related to Information and
Communication Technology, ICT, has grown greatly. To
manage the problems caused by the lack of resources needed
to transport traffic on the network, SLA (Service Level
Agreement) contracts are common, which the parties
involved sign (the provider and the customer). Failure to
comply with these contracts may result in a fine for the party
that has not fulfilled it. This work proposes an approach to
improve the dimensioning of Firewalls, in terms of their
availability, to establish values as close as possible to the real
ones so that there is neither an underestimation nor an
overestimation of commitments agreed between the actors.
In addition, this work proposes a way to approach this
problem in a broader way, taking into account the
Dependability, that is, Availability, Reliability and
Maintainability.
Keywords— ICT, home-office, Covid-19, Firewalls, Availability,
Reliability, Dependability.
I. INTRODUCTION
In unexpected epochs like the 2020 pandemic due to the
Covid-19, which suddenly forced people to change their habits
and stay in their homes for several weeks. Daily routines
changed, people could no longer go to work or study, physical
contact was to be avoided, personal hygiene was to be improved
and all kinds of crowding avoided.
According to the OPAS [1], on December 31, 2019, the
World Health Organization (WHO) was alerted about several
cases of pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, in the
People's Republic of China. On January 7, 2020, the Chinese
authorities confirmed that they had identified a new type of
coronavirus. In all, seven human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have
already been identified: HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-
NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-COV (which causes severe acute
respiratory syndrome), MERS-COV (which causes respiratory
syndrome in the Middle East) and the most recent new
coronavirus (which in the beginning was temporarily named
2019-nCoV and on February 11, 2020 was named SARS-CoV-
2). This new coronavirus is responsible for causing the disease
COVID-19 [1]. On March 11, 2020, COVID-19
was
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characterized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a
pandemic.
In these times of limited mobility, ICTs are now playing a
key role as they allow people to communicate and collaborate
without having to leave home. This is all due to the possibility
of computers being connected to a worldwide network, the
Internet, which has given rise to various technologies, has
broken physical boundaries and expanded business domains.
Teleworking, according to the SOBRATT [2], teleworking
is all work done at a distance, that is, outside the workplace, with
the use of ICTs, with computers, fixed and/or mobile telephony
and any technology that allows working anywhere, receiving
and transmitting information, files, images or sound related to
the work activity. The technology was created to improve the
quality of life of human beings, and with its evolution, the idea
of remote work became a reality, called home office or more
popularly said today, anywhere office.
Remote work in Brazil has been on the rise in recent years,
according to the G1[3], a survey conducted by IBGE (Brazilian
Institute of Geography and Statistics), shows that between 2012,
when research on remote work in Brazil began, and 2018, this
model of work grew by 44.4%.
Surveys show that remote work significantly increases
employee productivity, and from the company's point of view,
there is a reduction in organizational costs, such as lower
consumption of energy, water, and often a reduction in the work
positions of employees, and it is possible to reduce the size of
physical offices, i.e., it is possible to reduce rents or the purchase
of leaner locations [4, 5, 6].
Another technology widely used by organizations to connect
employees to work remotely, the VPN (Virtual Private
Network), in its "Client to Site" mode, creates an encrypted
communication tunnel with the organization, which extends to
the employee all the organizational resources, tools and
applications needed to perform their activities anywhere, in
addition to offering the same security of information for the
employee's computer remotely [7].
The new scenario designed by the Covid-19 pandemic has
required companies and organizations to adapt to this new
reality and put most employees working from home by
teleworking. This project has studied three large Brazilian
companies, being that in other scenarios it can present different
results. However, the approach can be adapted to new
environments. The biggest barrier was how to enable this new
ICT infrastructure in a short time for a large number of remote
Edson Luiz Ursini Henry de Castro Lobo dos Santos Marcelo Tsuguio Okano
Faculdade de Tecnologia Faculdade de Tecnologia Centro Paula Souza
Universidade Estadual de Campinas Universidade Estadual de Campinas Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Limeira, Brazil Limeira, Brazil Sao Paulo, Brazil
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1597-4057 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-3811 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1680-7821
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