1 Journal of Atmospheric Science Research | Volume 04 | Issue 02 | April 2021 Distributed under creative commons license 4.0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v4i2.3165 Journal of Atmospheric Science Research https://ojs.bilpublishing.com/index.php/jasr ARTICLE Transport and Deposition of Saharan Dust Observed from Satellite Images and Ground Measurements Habib Senghor 1,2* Alex J. Roberts 3 Abdou L. Dieng 2 Dahirou Wane 2 Cheikh Dione 4 Mouhamed Fall 2 Abdoulahat Diop 1 Amadou T. Gaye 2 John Marsham 3 1.Agence nationale de l’aviation civile et de la météorologie, Sénégal 2.Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Simeon-Fongang (LPAO-SF), École Supérieure Polytechnique (ESP) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Sénégal 3.School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK 4.African Centre of Meteorological Applications for Development (ACMAD), Niger ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history Received: 28 April 2021 Accepted: 20 May 2021 Published Online: 22 May 2021 Haboob occurrence strongly impacts the annual variability of airborne desert dust in North Africa. In fact, more dust is raised from erodible surfaces in the early summer (monsoon) season when deep convective storms are common but soil moisture and vegetation cover are low. On 27 June 2018, a large dust storm is initiated over North Africa associated with an intensive westward dust transport. Far away from emission sources, dust is transported over the Atlantic for the long distance. Dust plume is emitted by a strong surface wind and further becomes a type of haboob when it merges with the southwestward deep convective system in central Mali at 0200 UTC (27 June). We use satellite observations to describe and estimate the dust mass concentration during the event. Approximately 93% of emitted dust is removed the dry deposition from the atmosphere between sources (10°N–25°N; 1°W–8°E) and the African coast (6°N–21°N; 16°W–10°W). The convective cold pool has induced large economic and healthy damages, and death of animals in the northeastern side of Senegal. ERA5 reanalysis has shown that the convective mesoscale impacts strongly the climatological location of the Saharan heat low (SHL). Keywords: Dust Haboob Saharan air layer 1. Introduction Northern Hemisphere has been identifed in as the larg- est and most persistent dust source with an important con- tribution of the Sahara and Sahel deserts [1,2] . Almost 70% of the global dust production are emitted from Sahara desert [3] . The seasonal timescales of the dust emission and transport [4,5] are mainly lead by various meteorological mechanisms [6] . In boreal winter, from November to February [7] , the dust sources are predominantly activated by the break- down of the Low-Level-Jet (LLJ) and the effect of the latter mechanism is mainly dominated by the Bodélé De- pression in Tchad which peaks during spring and particu- *Corresponding Author: Habib Senghor, Agence nationale de l'aviation civile et de la météorologie; Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Simeon-Fongang (LPAO-SF), École Supérieure Polytechnique (ESP) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Sénégal; Email: habib.senghor@ucad.edu.sn