CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
VOL. 39, 2014
A publication of
The Italian Association
of Chemical Engineering
www.aidic.it/cet
Guest Editors: Petar Sabev Varbanov, Jiří Jaromír Klemeš, Peng Yen Liew, Jun Yow Yong
Copyright © 2014, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.,
ISBN 978-88-95608-30-3; ISSN 2283-9216 DOI: 10.3303/CET1439027
Please cite this article as: Gross U., Iljins U., Skujans J., Gajevskis A., 2014, Modeling of multi - layer foam gypsum drying
process, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 39, 157-162 DOI:10.3303/CET1439027
157
Modeling of Multi - Layer Foam Gypsum Drying Process
Uldis Gross
a*
, Uldis Iljins
a
, Juris Skujans
b
, Antons Gajevskis
a
a
Latvia University of Agriculture, Dep. of Information Technologies 2 Liela Street, Jelgava, LV-3001, Latvia
b
LatviaUniversity of Agriculture, Dep. of Rural Engineering, 19 Akademijas Street, Jelgava, LV-3001, Latvia
uldis.gross@llu.lv
Foam gypsum is a perspective material in construction. According to the requirements for the
manufacturing process of foam gypsum, the initial moisture content should be very high. Drying of these
products is obligatory requirement to obtain material with sufficient properties. It is possible to change the
density of foam gypsum with hemp fibrous reinforcement technologically varying mechanical strength,
thermal conductivity and sound absorption coefficients.
In the constructions of buildings foam gypsum can be used as filler bounded by gypsum paperboard. In this
work we aim to study the moisture transfer in multi-layered wall as usual in construction design. It is
important to clarify the structural drying time and the factors that allow it to shorten. For this sample
arrangement it is not possible to correct analytical description of drying process. A numerical method is
used for calculation of moisture content.
Drying process of foam gypsum coated with gypsum paperboard was researched with gravimetric and
electrical methods. The validity of the numerical model was verified by comparison with experimental
results.
1. Introduction
Nowadays multilayer walls, consisting of a framework, which on both sides is attached to the gypsum
board, the mid- filled with a light, porous or fibrous material, became popular in the field of building
construction. These walls, consisting of several layers are significantly better than the same material single
layer, since they have many environmental benefits like low thermal conductivity, good sound absorption
qualities and humidity buffering capacity. Light party wall structure may be formed by gypsum plates
between which is placed absorbent material such as mineral wool, or by filling the void with solid
lightweight filler as foam gypsum or hemp concrete. In this case some compaction of the material over a
period of time or any problems arising during material drying must be taken in account. For different
constructive systems the authors developed a new foam gypsum with hemp fibrous reinforcement
composite, characterized by good heat (Skujans et al., 2007) and sound insulating properties (Brencis et
al., 2011). Material with density 250 to 300 kg/m
3
is characterized by 0.07 to 0.08 W/(m K) thermal
conductivity coefficient (Skujans et al., 2007) and the design, consisting of plasterboard with 10 cm foam
gypsum hemp fibers composite filling, show sound insulation index R values greater than 45 dB (Brencis et
al., 2012). According to the requirements for the manufacturing process of foam gypsum, the initial
moisture content should be very high. Therefore it is important to clarify the structural drying time and the
factors that allow it to shorten. Covering porous media with plasters significantly changes the hydrothermal
properties of walls. When plasters are applied on hemp concrete, heat transfers are almost not modified,
but moisture transfers are noticeably dampened (Colinart et al., 2013). The same results are obtained for
gypsum walls coated with paint layer (Goosens, 2003). Therefore indoor humidity variations are more
dampened compared with the external environment.
Drying process in foam gypsum is described by means of two mathematically connected models (Iljins et
al., 2009). Theoretical model makes it possible to calculate local humidity conditions in different layers of
sample during drying time. It is particularly important in the case of foam gypsum with hemp fibrous
reinforcement to detect the moment, when moisture content during drying is about 10 kg/m
3
, because
under these conditions the material changes its physical - mechanical characteristics very quickly (reach