MALIM – Jurnal Pengajian Umum Asia Tenggara – Vol 16: 51-59
Available online at http://ejournals.ukm.my/malim
ISSN Print: ISSN 1511-8393 and ISSN Online: E-ISSN 2289-5183
https://doi.org/10.17576/malim-2015-1601-04
© Pusat Citra Universiti, UKM Bangi indexed in MyCITE.
51
Dari Pengajian Umum ke Pendidikan Citra:
Pengalaman Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
(From General Studies to Liberal Education: Experience in Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia)
NAZRI MUSLIM
Pusat Citra Universiti
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
nazrimuslim@yahoo.com
ABSTRAK
Pengajian Umum di UKM bermula seiring dengan penubuhan UKM pada tahun 1970 dengan memperkenalkan
kursus Sejarah Sains kepada semua pelajar. Selepas itu, kursus Sejarah Sains ditukar kepada kursus Sains Umum
dan diikuti dengan kursus Kenegaraan Malaysia. Bermula tahun 1982, kursus Kenegaraan Malaysia telah
ditukarkan kepada Kursus Tamadun Islam dan Tamadun Asia. Pengajian Umum pada ketika itu bertujuan membina
pelajar yang bersahsiah, mempunyai pengetahuan yang luas dan bersifat komplimentari. Di antara tahun 1998
hingga 2011, kursus-kursus pengajian umum dikategorikan kepada tiga kategori utama iaitu U1 - Penghayatan
Nilai-Nilai Mulia dan Sejarah; U2 – Kemahiran Berfikir, Berkomunikasi dan Berorganisasi; U3 – Keluasan Ilmu
Pengetahuan. Jumlah kursus dalam kategori U2 dan U3 khususnya telah bertambah dari tahun ke tahun. Namun,
apabila penstrukturan semula kursus-kursus pengajian umum dijalankan pada tahun 2011 selari dengan
perkembangan pesat dalam dunia kebolehpasaran (employability) pelajar,, Pengajian Umum ditransformasi dan
diinovasikan kepada pendidikan Citra. Pendidikan Citra adalah pendekatan pembelajaran yang lebih luas dan
lestari dari Pengajian Umum. Oleh itu, Pendidikan Citra membawa pengertian bahawa pelajar bukan sahaja
mengkhusus dalam sesuatu bidang pengajian tetapi juga mempunyai elemen keluasan ilmu pengetahuan di samping
bertujuan membantu pelajar meluaskan ilmu pengetahuan di luar bidang pengkhususan khususnya sains, teknologi
dan kelestarian, membina kompetensi dan kemahiran sosial, intelektual dan praktikal dalam kehidupan seharian.
Maka, makalah ini akan membincangkan transformasi dan inovasi dalam penstrukturan semula pengajian umum di
Malaysia khususnya di UKM.
Kata kunci: Pendidikan Citra, Pengajian Umum, UKM, perluasan ilmu, transformasi
ABSTRACT
General Studies in UKM began in tandem with the establishment of UKM in 1970 by introducing the History of
Science course to all students. Subsequently, the History of Science course was changed to the General Science
course and followed by the Malaysian Nationhood Studies course. Beginning in 1982, the Malaysian Nationhood
Studies course was changed to the Islamic Civilization and Asian Civilization Course. General Studies at that time
was aimed at molding students to have a highly sought-after personality while possessing a broad spectrum of
complementary-based knowledge. Between 1998 and 2011, courses under General Studies were categorized into
three main domains, namely U1 - Appreciation of Good Values and History; U2 - Thinking, Communicating and
Organizing Skills; U3 – Breadth of Knowledge. The number of courses in the U2 and U3 categories has been
increasing year by year. However, when the restructuring of general studies courses was made in 2011, in line with
the rapid development of the students' employability, General Studies was transformed into Citra Education (Liberal
Education). Citra Education is a wider and more sustainable learning approach as compared to General Studies.
Therefore, Citra Education carries the meaning that the students not only specialize in a field of their studies but are
also expected to possess a breadth of diverse knowledge other than their specialized fields such as science,
technology and sustainability, developing competence and social, intellectual, and practical skills in everyday life.
Hence, this paper will discuss the transformation and innovation in the restructuring of general studies in Malaysia,
particularly in UKM.