Probability of Women Leaving Work After Marriage: A Literature Review Isra Yeni * , Joan Marta 2* , Hari Setia Putra 3 , Melti Roza Adry 4 , Dewi Zaini Putri 5 , Doni Satria 6 , Yollit Permata Sari 7 , Urmatul Uska Akbar 8 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ,6, 7, 8 Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia * Corresponding author. Email: jomarta01@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study aims to analyse empirical studies regarding about the probability of women focusing on taking care of the household or remaining in the labour market after marriage. The method used in this research is descriptive method and explorative method from various literature reviews. Information obtained is related to economic, social, and demographic variables. A review of literature reviews shows variables such as children under five years of age, economic variables such as husband's income, education variables, women's working hours, and the area where women live affect the probability of women leaving the labour market after marriage. Keywords: Women, Labor market, Household, Marriage. 1. INTRODUCTION Working women is common in modern era. Women equally have the right to enter the labour market so that women can choose to have dual roles as housewives as well as working women [1].The entry of women into the workforce makes women independent. Independence to seek income that can increase the welfare of the woman. The independence of seeking income that is owned by women can increase women's ability to make the best decisions, [2]. With this independence, women are found in all types of work sectors. However, after marriage, women have a dilemma whether they keep working or leaving workforce to focus on taking care of the household. Some of the married women do not participate in the labour market. This is because some of the married women will focus on taking care of the household. Married women have several reasons for whether to stay in work or leave the labour market. Women who choose to keep working are generally because the cost of leaving the labour market is greater than staying in the labour market [3]. Women who have higher education or have high human capital pay a large amount of money to obtain this education, so that if they leave the labour market, the opportunity Cost is greater. In addition, women who remain in the labour market are generally affected by the low income earned by their husbands [4]. Research conducted by [5] explains that women who are in low-income households will tend to remain in the labour market. This is because the income earned in the household is not sufficient for household needs so that the wife will help her husband to find additional income, so that the wife remains in the labour market. [6] explains that there is a preference theory used to explain women's preferences towards the labour market. Women who choose to work, choose to take care of the household and choose to be adaptive (take care of the household while working). Women who focus on working will tend to continue working full time after marriage and after giving birth. Women who focus on taking care of the household will leave the labor market after marriage and after giving birth. On the other hand, women who choose to be adaptive are women who are married and have children who will continue to work part-time (flexible time) so that they can remain responsible with household chores [7]. Many factors influence a woman's decision to keep working or choose to leave the labour market after marriage. [8] explain that the main reason a wife leaves the labour market after marriage is because she has children under five. Toddlers need a lot of time with their mothers to support their child's growth and development, so a mother will choose to focus on giving all her time to be with her child. [9]explains that in Japan, women who are married and have children under five find it difficult to divide their time between working and taking care of the household. Many Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 179 Proceedings of the Sixth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA 2020) Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press B.V. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 187