American-Eurasian Journal of Toxicological Sciences 7 (4): 311-315, 2015
ISSN 2079-2050
© IDOSI Publications, 2015
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.aejts.2015.7.4.10148
Corresponding Author: Sarah Sadiq, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Army Medical College,
National University of Sciences and Technology, Abid Majeed Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
311
c-Myc and CK2 Correlation: A Passageway to Human Breast Cancer
Sarah Sadiq, Abdul Khaliq Naveed, Fatima Qaiser,
1 2 3
Shahid Jamal, Shoaib N. Hashmi and Aiza Sadia
4 5 4
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Army Medical College,
1
National University of Sciences and Technology, Abid Majeed Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Department of Biochemistry, Islamic International Medical College,
2
Riphah International University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Army Medical College, National University of Sciences and Technology,
3
Abid Majeed Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Department of Pathology, Army Medical College,
4
National University of SciencesTechnology, Abid Majeed Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology,Rawalpindi, Pakistan
5
Abstract: c-Myc transcription factor is a protooncogene and a substrate of Casein Kinase 2 enzyme, both of
these are upregulated in breast cancer. A Cross Sectional Analytical study with breast cancer paraffin
embedded tissue sections (N=30) was conducted using Immunohistochemistry, cytoplasmic and nuclear
expression of c-Myc and CK2 enzyme was determined and correlation between the two was found out. Scoring
was performed by three histopathologists, blindly, any incongruity in results, corrected by using nearest
readings. A high expression of Total CK2 in invasive cases was seen as compared to non-invasive. Nuclear and
cytoplasmic localization was also higher in invasive group as compared to non- invasive.Total c-Myc
expression was high in the invasive group, in comparison with non- invasive. In invasive cases, there was very
strong and significant correlation between c-Myc and CK2 total, between c-Myc and CK2 cytoplasm and
between c-Myc and CK2 nucleus. c-Myc and CK2 as biomarkers can help predicting the cancer phenotype and
aggression.
Key words: c-Myc CK2 Ca Breast Correlation
INTRODUCTION are protected by CK2, from degradation by caspases. This
Breast cancer is the commonest among women, under in cancers, support to tumorigenesis in transgenic mice,
developed and developed world, causing death of over makes it a prospective candidate for molecular targeted
508000 females in 2011 [1]. CK2 has over 100 substrates, therapy [7]. One of the substrates of CK2 is c-Myc. It is a
many of which are connected with signal transduction recognized proto-oncogene. c-Myc is necessary for
and cell division [2]. Up-regulated in cancers, protein normal development but in cancers, it is upregulated. The
kinase CK2 supports neoplastic phenotype [3]. A reason for the upregulation in cancer is not known but is
ubiquitous serine / threonine kinase, particularly thought to take part in development of tumor [8]. c-Myc
conserved, having a regulatory subunit (28 kDa ), the is a nuclear transcription factor that is essential for
catalytic subunits (42 kDa and 38 kDa ') and 2 2, mammalian development [9]. Tissues with increased
'2 2, ' 2 tetramers [4]. The finding that CK2 displays proliferation have been found to over express c-Myc [10].
dual specificity kinase action, has opened new venues for In lymphomas including Burkitt lymphoma, translocation
research its cellular activities [5]. CK2 is consistently of c-Myc to immunoglobulin or locus on T cell receptor
deregulated in different cancers [6]. Regulatory proteins can cause deregulated expression and transformation in
activity can lead to tumorigenesis [5]. CK2 elevated levels