© IEOM Society
Design of a small scale cereal packaging machine suitable for
developing countries
Tawanda Mushiri
D.Eng. Student; University of Johannesburg, Department of Mechanical Engineering, P. O. Box
524, Auckland Park 2006,
South Africa.
tawanda.mushiri@gmail.com
Lecturer; University of Zimbabwe, Department of Mechanical Engineering, P.O Box MP167, Mt
Pleasant, Harare
Charles Mbohwa
Professor and Supervisor; University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Bunting Road Campus, P.
O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, Room C Green 5, Department of Quality and Operations
Management, Johannesburg, South Africa.
cmbohwa@uj.ac.za
Abstract
Many food shortages which are being encountered in developing countries are due to lack of effective packaging
which results in food loss. Packaging machines manufactured in developed countries are highly automated which
make them incompatible with the capacities handled in developing countries. Considering a number of concepts, the
selected one is a small scale cereal packaging machine which has a capability of sealing 1kg of any cereal per
minute. Keywords
Packaging, cereal, machine, auto cad, design, developing countries
1.0: Introduction
Packaging is the science, art, and technology of protecting products for distribution, storage, sale and use (Soroka,
2002). It helps to ensure quality and safe conveyance. According to Stewart (1995) pointed out that the basic
function of food packaging was to preserve product integrity by protecting the food against possible damage from
climate, bacteriological and transit hazards. Packaging machinery is one of the most helpful machines in production
services since it is essential to most food industries and other companies. Packaging mostly done by small scale
entrepreneurs through the use of conventional methods is very laborious and time consuming. Many may wonder
how many packets someone using a simple balancing weight to weigh the contents and a lighting candle to seal the
package will produce at the end of the day. This research presents an attempt to design a packaging machine for a
small scale businesses in developing countries as a cheaper and more efficient alternative of food packaging
machinery.
1.1: Background
Many leading packaging machinery manufacturers which have global sales and facility networks at their disposal
are focussing on producing supplementary automated and faster machines which are incompatible for the capacities
handled by small scale producers in developing countries. At the same time these machines are sold at high cost,
though purchasing them may not be an issue but after sales service and maintenance is also a limiting factor
(Manalili et al, 2011). A packaging machine should reduce time and labour inputs, increase the rate of production
and consequently improve profit returns for the benefit of small scale producers and also for the reduction of cereal
losses since packing improves safety and quality.
Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Operations Excellence and Service Engineering
Orlando, Florida, USA, September 10-11, 2015