Plant Archives Volume 20 No. 2, 2020 pp. 7301-7308 e-ISSN:2581-6063 (online), ISSN:0972-5210 EFFECTS OF CHILIADENUS MONTANUS EXTRACT ON STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETES AND ITS LIVER COMPLICATION IN RATS Abeer A.A. Salama 1 *, Bassant M.M. Ibrahim 1 , Sawsan S. Mahmoud 1 , Nemat A. Yassin 1 , Amina A. Gamal El-din 2 , Mohamed ElAmir F. Hegazy 3 and Fatma Bassyouni 4 1 Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El Bohouth St. Dokki, Egypt. 2 Pathology Department, National Research Centre, El Bohouth St. Dokki, Egypt. 3 Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, El Bohouth St. Dokki, Egypt. 4 Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, El Bohouth St. Dokki, Egypt. Abstract The present work was designed to evaluate the effect of Chiliadenus montanus aerial parts extract on streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetes and liver complication with respect to its effect on -amylase and total antioxidant capacity in rats. Forty male albino rats were assigned into four groups: normal control group, diabetic group STZ (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally), Glimepiride group (0.5 mg/kg; orally) and Chiliadenus montanus aerial parts group (50 mg/kg; orally) for 10 days. In diabetic rats, there was a marked elevation in fasting blood glucose, -amylase, alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST) and total cholesterol levels accompanied with a marked decline in levels of serum high density lipoproteins (HDL) and total antioxidant capacity as compared to the normal rats, in addition reduction in islet cellularity and focal necrosis in pancreatic tissue and fibrosis in liver tissue, while administration of Chiliadenus montanus to STZ diabetic rats alleviated the disturbed biochemical changes and restored islet architecture and hepatocytes. These results revealed that Chiliadenus montanus has a significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects. Key words: Diabetes mellitus; STZ; Chiliadenus montanus; -amylase; Total antioxidant capacity; rats. Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is highly linked to metabolic and endocrine disorder. diabetes global prevalence is estimated 415 million, in next 25 years, it is predicted to be elevated to 642 million. It has reached 1 in every 11 people in 21st century worldwide (Ogurtsova et al., 2017). This growing pandemic prevalence is strongly associated with changes in lifestyle such as physical inactivity and unhealthy diet (Dos Santos et al., 2015). Chiliadenus montanus (Vahl.) Brullo [=Jasonia montana, Varthemia montana], a herb indigenous to the North Sinai region of Egypt, is a member of the Asteraceae (Hegazy et al., 2014). Previous investigations showed the presence of monoterpenes (Ahmed and Jakupovic 1990), sesquiterpenes (Ahmed et al., 2004), diterpenes (Al-Howiriny et al., 2005), triterpenes, sterols and flavonoids in Chiliadenus montanus (Eid et al., 1987). Locally, it was known as Haneida (Täckholm 1974). This plant is used for the treatment of renal complications as a herbal tea and its chemical components exhibit anti- obesity, anti-diabetic, antiatherogenic, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities (Hussein 2011), antibacterial and antifungal activities (Hegazy et al., 2014). In Egypt, Sinai deserts have alot of medicinal plants that are rich in phenolic compounds, coumarins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and other constituents that may decrease diabetes incidence rates. So, the current study aimed to investigate the capacity of Chiliadenus montanus that is used in Egypt in folk medicine to treat hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia and liver complication in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods Instrumentation Instrumentation included a Horiba SEPA-300 digital *Author for correspondence : E-mail : berrotec@yahoo.com