Sys Rev Pharm 2020; 11(1): 612 617
A multifaceted review journal in the field of pharmacy
612 Systematic Review Pharmacy Vol 11, Issue 1, Jan-Jun, 2020
The Role of Innovation in Mediating Effect Market
Orientation and Learning Orientation on Marketing
Performance (Study on Puppet Artisans in Kecamatan Kotabaru Karawang)
Puji Isyanto
1
, Obsatar Sinaga
2
University of Buana Perjuangan Karawang
1
Padjadjaran University
2
Email: puji.isyanto@ubpkarawang.ac.id , Obsatar.sinaga@unpad.ac.id
Article History: Submitted: 17.10.2019 Revised: 22.12.2019 Accepted: 10.01.2020
ABSTRACT
This study discussed the effect of market orientation and learning
orientation on innovation and its impact on marketing performance. The
study was conducted in a population of Small and Micro Enterprises
(SMEs) in the doll craftsmen at Kotabaru-Karawang district for a total of as
much as 96 SMEs. The sample-set as many as 90 SMEs using a purposive
sampling technique, which has been operating craftsmen for 3 years. The
method of research used verification. While the questionnaire used a Likert
scale (ordinal) was transformed into an interval scale by using the Software
Method of Successive Interval (MSI) and the process using the program
Statistical Package for Social Science. The results of path analysis proved
that all variables are linearly related, so the model feasible path analysis for
each independent variable can be used as predictors of the dependent
variable. Test results prove the hypothesis, either partially or
simultaneously all correlation indicates the level of significance, except for
the partial effect is not significant, since the coefficient of only with a
significance. This occurs as a result of the inclusion of intervening variables
into the model.
Keywords: market orientation, learning orientation, innovation, and
marketing performance.
Correspondence:
Puji Isyanto
University of Buana Perjuangan Karawang
E-mail: puji.isyanto@ubpkarawang.ac.id
DOI: 10.5530/srp.2020.1.77
© Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved
INTRODUCTION
Background
Efforts to cultivate the small and medium enterprises (SMEs),
especially in developing countries is a priority for Indonesia.
SMEs have recognized various parties play a role in providing
employment, economic growth, and income distribution.
Fontana (2009) declares the contribution of SMEs to the
economy more on employment, as a source of household
income in rural communities. Something similar is stated at
Atajudin (2012); Rahab and Sudjono (2012), SMEs are a
business group that has great potential and assessed various
parties as an important sector to overcome the problem of
unemployment and poverty. Atajudin (2012) said that the role
of SMEs currently recorded 55 million units and spread across
Indonesia. SMEs are expected to increase employment and
tackle unemployment. But once expected to accelerate regional
development.
Data SMEs nationwide in 2003 amounted to 42.4 million units
and has contributed to GDP to reach 56.7% of total GDP and
has employment for 79 million people (BDS LPPM UNS 2005
in Karsidi, 2005). While the data in 2011 showed the number
of SMEs in Indonesia reached about 52 million, has accounted
for 60% of the PDB and accommodate 97 million labor
(Wikipedia, 2012). The contribution of SMEs to the national
economy plays an important role, yet Sharif (2011) mentions
that many obstacles to SME development. Among the
strategies of Local Government in GDP and PAD enlarge
prioritize resource management at medium and large
businesses. Munir and Sulhadi results of the study (2008) in
Suliyanto and Rahab (2010) shows SMEs nationwide have six
issues; (1) capital, (2) market access, (3) skills and technology,
(4) business management, (5) the availability of raw materials
and (6) the business climate is not conducive. SMEs, the center
of attention of various parties and encourage the intensity of
research activities. Results of previous studies recommended
the importance of market orientation strategy, human resource
development, innovation, mastery of internal and external
factors encouraging increased competitiveness and
performance.
Suliyanto and Rahab (2012) conducting research on SMEs in
Purbalingga with a sample of 150 SMEs. This research has
motivated the assumption that the relationship between the
variables of market orientation, learning orientation,
innovation and marketing performance as a key factor in the
success of large companies can not be generalized to SMEs, as
well as the relationship between the four variables still low. The
results of the study of literature Raju et al. (2011) found that
the orientation of the SME market is lower when compared to
large-scale enterprises ranged from 0.20 to 0.44. Raju et al
(2011) stated the strategy of market orientation and innovation
will be different medium scale enterprises with small scale
enterprises. so the research on the role of market orientation in
the different groups of SMEs that are very useful to encourage
the growth of the small business sector of the economy.
Therefore, this study aims to test empirically "how the
influence of market orientation and learning orientation
towards innovation and its impact on marketing performance
Micro and Small Enterprises in the district of the craftsmen
doll Kotabaru Karawang regency. Criteria for Micro and Small
Enterprises in this study refers to UU no. 20 of 2008 that the
Micro and Small Enterprises, productive economic activities
that stand-alone, carried out by an individual or business entity
that is not a subsidiary or not the company-owned branches.
Besides referring to the limits according to the Central
Statistics Agency (BPS) that small businesses are the type of
business the average household only has a workforce of 5-19
and micro (household) has a workforce of 1-4 people.
THEORETICAL REVIEW
Kotler and Keller (2009) define marketing management as an
art and science of choosing target markets, retain and grow
customers by creating, delivering, and communicating superior
customer value. While Ginting (2011) is not in the library
define marketing management as the analysis of the planning,
implementation, and control of programs designed to create,
build and maintain a favorable exchange goal to achieve
organizational goals.