International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology | June 2021 | Vol 10 | Issue 6 Page 745
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
Bhanwra S et al. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2021 Jun;10(6):745-747
http://www.ijbcp.com
pISSN2319-2003 | eISSN2279-0780
Review Article
Lasmiditan: the first neurally acting anti-migraine drug
Sangeeta Bhanwra*, Sonia S. Mahajan, Rajiv Kumar
INTRODUCTION
Migraine is a primarily a headache disorder characterized
by pulsating headache, moderate to severe in intensity,
usually restricted to one side, often associated with
nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound which
often aggravates by routine physical activity. It is more
common in women due to hormonal influences.
1
It ranks
sixth in the years lost due to disability (YLD)
worldwide.
2
Therefore, prompt treatment and prophylaxis
of the chronic patients becomes imperative.
There are various classes of drugs used for the treatment
and prophylaxis of migraine, depending upon the
severity, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
like paracetamol, aspirin, metamizole, ibuprofen and
indomethacin and their combinations, selective 5-HT1D/1B
agonists (triptans), ergot alkaloids, antiemetics, beta
blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, calcium channel
blockers and antiepileptics. Cardiovascular diseases like
uncontrolled hypertension, myocardial infarction and
arrhythmias, stroke and hemiplegic migraine require the
restricted and cautious use of triptans.
3
This led to the
search for newer effective drugs for the treatment of
migraine without vasoactive properties.
Calcitonin gene related peptides (CGRP) receptor
antagonists or “gepants” have been found to be effective
for the prevention and treatment of acute migraine.
Ubrogepant and rimegepant are the orally active drugs
belonging to this class which have been approved by the
United States food and drug administration (USFDA) in
December 2019 and February 2020 respectively.
4,5
A new drug, lasmiditan, a member of the novel class
“ditans”, a serotonin (5-HT)1F receptor agonist, has been
approved for the treatment of adult patients suffering
from acute migraine with or without aura in October
2019. Lasmiditan is devoid of vasoconstricting action and
is the first neurally acting antimigraine agent (NAAM).
3,6
5-HT1F RECEPTOR AND MIGRAINE
The trigemino-vascular system has a pivotal role in the
migraine headache. It comprises of the trigeminal nucleus
caudalis, trigeminal ganglia and the C1-C2 segments of
the spinal cord. The activation of this system results in a
cascade of events leading to the symptomatology of
migraine.
7
The 5-HT1F receptors are widely expressed in the CNS.
They are found centrally and peripherally in trigeminal
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20212088
Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Chandigarh, India
Received: 21 April 2021
Accepted: 03 May 2021
*Correspondence:
Dr. Sangeeta Bhanwra,
Email: doc_sangeeta@yahoo.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Lasmiditan is the first neurally acting drug for the treatment of acute migraine. It is a highly selective, orally acting 5-
HT1F agonist that was approved in November 2019, for the acute treatment of migraine in adults, with or without aura,
by USFDA. Lesmiditan may help in terminating the acute attack of migraine by inhibiting the central and peripheral
neuronal activity and the release of CGRP.
Keywords: Lasmiditan, 5-HT1F agonist, Migraine