Vol. 12(1), pp. 33-44, July-December 2021
DOI: 10.5897/JCO2020.0222
Article Number: 40BB8FA68269
ISSN 2141-6591
Copyright ©2021
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
http://www.academicjournals.org/JCO
Journal of Cereals and
Oilseeds
Full Length Research Paper
Characterization of finger millet germplasm for mineral
contents: Prospects for breeding
Ojulong Henry Fred
1*
, Patrick Sheunda
2
, Joseph Kibuka
2
, Anil Kumar
3
, Abhishek Rathore
3
,
Eric Manyasa
2
and Daniel Ajaku
2
1
International Crop research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
2
International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Box 39063, Nairobi Kenya.
3
International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
Received 13 December, 2020; Accepted 11 February, 2021
Knowledge of existing genetic variability is essential for initiating a successful breeding program. A set
of 628 finger millet accessions comprising accessions from the core collection, farmer preferred and
improved varieties released in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda were profiled for nutrient content.
Accessions showed very high variability for the different nutrient contents. Local cultivars and varieties
released in the ESA region had significantly lower levels of the main essential nutrients (Ca, Fe, Zn)
found in finger millet. Country of origin was highly significant for all the nutrients, with accessions from
eastern and southern Africa having significantly lower nutrient contents. Grain color was associated
with nutrient content with darker grains having higher compared to white colored. All nutrients were
positively correlated (P<0.001) to each other. Grain yield was not significantly correlated to any nutrient
content. The substantial variability for the grain nutrients observed in the finger millet core collection
and local germplasm indicates the possibility for the selection of nutrient-rich accessions for use in the
breeding programs.
Key words: Finger millet, micro and macro nutrients, diversity, grain color, glume cover, malnutrition.
INTRODUCTION
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.) indigenous
to eastern Africa is a staple crop upon which millions of
people depend on for food and income in rural
households. It is adapted to adverse agro-ecological
conditions and require minimal input (Adekunle, 2012).
This African native crop probably originated in the
highlands of Uganda and Ethiopia, where farmers have
been growing it for thousands of years (Hilu and de Wet,
1976b). It ranks fourth in importance among millets in the
world after sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), pearl millet
(Pennisetum glaucum) and fox tail millet (Setaria italica)
(Upadhyaya et al., 2007a). Finger millet is widely
cultivated in Africa and south Asia under varied agro-
climatic conditions (Dida et al., 2008). In Africa, it is
extensively cultivated in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania,
Ethiopia, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia and Malawi
(Mnyenyembe and Gupta, 1998; Obilana et al., 2002). In
south Asia, finger millet is widely cultivated in India and
Nepal (Upadhyaya et al., 2007b). Wide adaptability
(Upadhyaya et al., 2007b), higher nutritional quality
*Corresponding author. E-mail: hojulong@cgiar.org.
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