Personality Prediction from Social Media Text: An Overview Hetal Vora School of Computer Engineering & Technology MIT World Peace University Pune, India Mamta Bhamare School of Computer Engineering & Technology MIT World Peace University Pune, India Dr. K. Ashok Kumar School of Computing Sathyabama University Chennai, India Abstract—Today’s world is witnessing great increase in the use of Social Media. People use them as a platform to share their feelings, emotions and experiences along with lot of personal information. All such information could be used in advantageous ways to help increase the Business and understand the user need. Personality prediction has gained lot of focus nowadays. It studies behavior of users and reflects the thinking, feelings etc. Traditional ways to take survey that was time consuming, for large number of users there is need of automatic prediction. Users are dynamic and can have their account on multiple platforms as they can have multi-context information. This survey gives an overview of different strategies used to predict the personality and behavior using the content available on social sites. Ability to predict user’s personality traits can help to build many customized services or products. Finally, the last section gives the Future trends and directions. Keywords—Personality prediction; Social Media I. INTRODUCTION Personality is defined as the set of different Characteristics such as behavior or emotions as a result of environmental or biological factors. It reflects the person’s differences in person’s thinking, behavior and feelings. Personality traits are continuous in nature as they reflect high and low of specific traits in a person on continuous trait rather than showcasing distinct personality. The term “personality” originally came from the Latin word ’persona’ that means “mask”. There are three criteria that are used to characterize personality traits: consistency along the situations, stability on basis of time and Individual differences that means Different Individuals have different behaviors. The field of study that studies the human personality and its variations among individual and group of people is called Personality Psychology. With advent of technology the use of Social Networking sites has increased. People use as a platform to express and share their feelings, expectations, experiences etc. Along with this user often share their personal information such as profession, likes and dislikes etc. This information can be extracted [4]. This extracted data can give businesses opportunity to connect with their customers, understand their needs and thus improve the quality of service or product accordingly. It is used to find the patterns in connectivity, how they are connected and similarity among them. Sentiment analysis is also done on social media data to understand the emotions positive and negative both on some topic by users. Researchers have also found and predicted the health problems like mental or Stress level based on their posts. II. PERSONALITY COMPUTING BASICS The two important basics in Personality Computing that is used to study personality from the social media data like Text, Multimedia are Theories that are used to explain, predict and understand the personality and the other is the Technique used for Obtaining the results. A. Personality Theories Personality Theories fall into main 4 categories [1] as Psychoanalytic Theory (also referred as psychodynamic), Trait theory, Humanistic theory and Social cognition theory. In the research purpose the trait theory is widely used [2]. • Psychodynamic Theory: - According to Freud, the per- sodality is made up of three components as id, ego and superego. id refers to the impulse energy that is respon- sible for the human needs like nourishment, appreciation and urges like hate, urges etc. Superego or conscience, symbolize morality and Social norms, represent what a person wants to be. Ego the third component works on the principle of reality that mediates between the demands of the first component id and the second component superego and then chooses the most realistic solution for the long term. • Trait Theory: - Trait Theory suggests that human person- ality is composed of characteristics, or traits, that cause a person to act in a particular way. All these traits represent the blueprint for how person behaves examples introver- sion, sociability, aggressiveness, loyalty and ambition etc. There are various theories like Big Five, MBTI, Cattell’s 16PF Trait Theory etc. • Humanistic Theory: - Maslow believed that personality is based on personal choice not on nature or nurture. He suggested that people possess and are motivated to help them pursue their needs or desire that was represented in and the final level: self-actualization that is developing and growing to reach true potential International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 http://www.ijert.org IJERTV9IS050203 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.) Published by : www.ijert.org Vol. 9 Issue 05, May-2020 352