Neuroscience & Medicine, 2017, 8, 41-45
http://www.scirp.org/journal/nm
ISSN Online: 2158-2947
ISSN Print: 2158-2912
DOI: 10.4236/nm.2017.83006 Sep. 28, 2017 41 Neuroscience & Medicine
Outcomes of Evacuation Extradural Hematoma
via Craniotomy under Local Anesthesia
Moazzam Waheed Sheikh
1
, Ifrah Shahnawaz
1
, Muhammad Abdullah
1
, Omer Kamal
1
,
Rabia Naheed
2
, Aisha Bushra
3
, Muhammad Nadeem
3*
1
University College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
2
Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
3
University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Abstract
Background: The EDH occurs due to the accumulation of bleeding between
the inner table of the skull and the outer layer of the dura mater. It is said to
account for 1% - 3% of all head injured patients and 9% of those who are
comatose. The only life-saving treatment of choice is evacuation of EDH via
craniotomy. Methods: This was a prospective observational study, where 40
patients were in follow-up for determining the outcomes of evacuation via
craniotomy. Results: Majority of the patients were young and males. The
main outcome of the evacuation was favorable (recovered), but certain unfavora-
ble outcomes were also accounted like mortality. Conclusion: The pre-surgery
clinical findings like consciousness of patient were an important indicator for
EDH evacuation outcome. In most of the cases, the outcome was favorable
with progressive recovery.
Keywords
Evacuation, Extradural Hematoma, Mortality, Consciousness, Unfavorable
Outcomes
1. Introduction
Head injury is a crucial health problem. The mortality due to head injury ac-
counts for 1% of all deaths whereas it is 15% among young-aged people [1] [2].
One of the vital head injuries is Extradural hematoma (EDH). It occurs due to
the accumulation of bleeding between the inner table of the skull and the outer
layer of the dura mater. EDH is said to account for 1% - 3% [3] [4] of all head
How to cite this paper: Sheikh, M.W.,
Shahnawaz, I., Abdullah, M., Kamal, O.,
Naheed, R., Bushra, A. and Nadeem, M.
(2017) Outcomes of Evacuation Extradural
Hematoma via Craniotomy under Local
Anesthesia. Neuroscience & Medicine, 8,
41-45.
https://doi.org/10.4236/nm.2017.83006
Received: August 9, 2017
Accepted: September 25, 2017
Published: September 28, 2017
Copyright © 2017 by authors and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access