International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012 1 ISSN 2250-3153 www.ijsrp.org Use of RFID for Safety at School/Hospital Campus Sushil I. Bakhtar¹ and Prof. Ram S. Dhekekar² Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati (Maharashtra)¹ Electronics & Telecom. Department, SSGMCE, Shegaon (Maharashtra) 2 Abstract- With growth of technology and giant leap in the field of Radio frequency transmission, a requirement for the safety and campus security using RFID is desired. The main purpose of the campus security system is to make the campus secured in every way that is need to be done and also maintaining the discipline in the school/hospital campus. Authentication of the person entering the campus is done automatically with help of RFID system. I. INTRODUCTION e have seen the security personnel checking the employees‟ identification cards at the entrances to avoid illegal entry. The employees sign a register at the entrance before getting in. This is still being practiced in most of the companies. However, the disadvantages are that, when there is a necessity of providing control at many locations inside the company, a person at each point will not be an economical way of implementing it. Then came were the punch cards. Employees possess cards, which are punched when they enter into the building. But it had disadvantages. Workers started to practice buddy punching, for their co-workers. It is a much common sight to see a bar code reader in the companies. These are used to check with the employee‟s identification. The employees swipe the card in the provided slot. Then the access is given after checking the authenticity of the card. This was a substitute to the security and emerged as a new technique in access control. This acted as a starting to the automation of the access control. But, the bar code readers are contact readers where, the cards are required to touch the readers. With growth of technology and giant leap in the field of Radio frequency transmission, a requirement for the same application using RFID is desired. The term RFID (radio frequency identification) describes the use of radio frequency signals to provide automatic identification of items. RFID is a flexible technology that is convenient, easy to use, and well suited for automatic operation. It combines advantages not available with other identification technologies. RFID can be supplied as read-only or read / write, does not require contact or line-of-sight to operate, can function under a variety of environmental conditions, and provides a high level of data integrity. In addition, because the technology is difficult to counterfeit, RFID provides a high level of security. RFID is similar in concept to bar coding. Bar code systems use a reader and coded labels that are attached to an item, whereas RFID uses a reader and special RFID devices that are attached to an item. Bar code uses optical signals to transfer information from the label to the reader; RFID uses RF signals to transfer information from the RFID device to the reader. Radio waves transfer data between an item to which an RFID device is attached and an RFID reader. The device can contain data about the item such as what the item is, what time the device traveled through a certain zone, perhaps even a parameter such as temperature. RFID devices, such as a tag or label, can be attached to virtually anything – from a vehicle to a pallet of merchandise. II. RFID MODULE FOR SCHOOL/HOSPITAL CAMPUS An RFID system typically includes the following components: • An RFID device (transponder or tag) that contains data about an item • An antenna used to transmit the RF signals between the reader and the RFID device • An RF transceiver that generates the RF signals • A reader that receives RF transmissions from an RFID device and passes the data to a host system for processing If anyone has entered in campus then its identity is automatically recorded by RFID reader placed near main gate. Also identity and mobility in campus of each person in campus will be monitored and recorded by no. of RFID readers placed in campus and a central database station. Every person has its permanent Tag attached to it which will be stored with the some details such as person name, mobile number, address and the gate at the campus will have the reader attached to it. When a person enters in the campus there is communication between reader and the tag which are at same frequencies, reader reads the information and feed it to the host computer. A. Working of RFID tags W