Journal of Advanced Mathematics 02[02] 2016 E-ISSN: XXXX-XXXX
www.asdpub.com/index.php/jam ISSN-XXXX-XXXX (Online)
© ASD Publisher All rights reserved. 10
Original Article
Norms and numerical radii inequalities for (α, β) - Normal transaloid
operators
Nyaluke Kiprono Wesley, N. B. Okelo
*
and Omolo Ongati
School of Mathematics and Actuarial Science, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology,
P. O. Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya
*Corresponding Author
N. B. Okelo
School of Mathematics and Actuarial Science,
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science
and Technology, P. O. Box 210-40601,
Bondo-Kenya
E-mail: nyalukekiprono@hotmail.com ;
bnyaare@yahoo.com
Keywords:
Norms,
Numerical Radii,
Inequalities,
( , ) - Normal Transaloid Operators
1. Introduction
Studies on the properties of Hilbert space operators
including spectrum, numerical ranges, numerical radii and norms are
fundamental in various fields of mathematics including operator
theory, trigonometry, numerical analysis, fluid dynamics among others.
Operator inequalities related to operator norms and numerical radii for
a family of bounded linear operators acting on a Hilbert space have
been studied for instance by Dragomir and Moslehian [2, 6 and 7].
Recently Dragomir and Moslehian [1 and 4] studied norms and
numerical radii for , - normed operators also D. Senthilkumar [3]
studied on , - normal operators.
From the research done by D. Senthilkumar, Dragomir and
Moslehian and many other authors clearly shows that much has been
done on numerical radii and numerical ranges in Hilbert space
operators but so far little has been done on norms and numerical radii
inequalities for , -normal transaloid operators in Hilbert spaces,
however, in this paper we determine norms and numerical radii
inequalities for , -normal transaloid operators in Hilbert spaces.
2. Preliminaries
In this section, the following definition of terms will gives a
prerequisite knowledge in getting our main results, these are:
Definition 2.1. Let X be a linear space. A function X : ℝ
satisfies the following properties
a) y x y x
b) x x
c) 0 x iff 0 x
Is called a norm on X X y x , .
The ordered pair , X is called a normed space
Definition 2.2. Inner product space. Let X be a vector space over ℝ
and a map X X : , ℝ satisfies the following properties
a. z y z x y x , , for all X y x ,
b. x y y x , , for all X y x ,
c. 0 , x x for X x with equality iff 0 x
d. x y y x , , for all X y x ,
Definition 2.3. An operator is a structure preserving map. For
instance;
Let V be a vector space. If V V T : then T is
considered to be an operator.
Definition 2.4. A linear operator H H T : H T is said to be
normal if T T T T
Definition 2.5. An operator H H T : is said to be normaloid if
T w T and is said to be transaloid operator if ℂ such that
I T T
is normaloid.
Definition 2.6. Numerical Radius. let , ; H be a complex Hilbert
space . Then the numerical range of an operator T is the subset of the
complex numbers ℂ given by
1 , , , x H x x Tx T W
3. Main results
Under this section we give the main result.
Theorem 3.1 Let A A ∈ H be the polar decomposition of A .
Then A ∈ , k normal transaloid operators if and only if there
exist a positive number , such that
Abstract
The studies on Hilbert spaces for the last decade has been of great interest to many
mathematicians and researchers, especially on operator inequalities related to operator
norms and numerical radii for a family of bounded linear operators acting on a Hilbert
spaces. Results on some inequalities for normal operators in Hilbert spaces for instance
numerical ranges W(T), numerical radii w(T) and norm ||.|| obtained by Dragomir and
Moslehian among others due to some classical inequalities for vectors in Hilbert spaces. The
techniques employed to prove the results are elementary with some special vector
inequalities in inner product spaces due to Buzano, Goldstein, Ryff and Clarke as well as some
reverse Schwarz inequalities. Recently, the new field of operator theory done by Dragomir
and Moslehian on norms and numerical radii for ( , ) - normal operators developed basic
concepts for our Statement of the problem on normal transaloid operators. M. Fujii and R.
Nakamoto characterize transaloid operators in terms of spectral sets and dilations and other
non-normal operators such as normaloid, convexoid and spectroid. Furuta did also
characterization of normaloid operators. Since none has done on norms and numerical radii
inequalities for ( , ) – normal transaloid operators, then our aim is to characterize ( , )-
normal transaloid operators, characterize norm inequalities for ( , )- normal transaloid
operators and to characterize numerical radii for ( , )- normal transaloid operators. We
use the approach of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequalities, parallelogram law, triangle inequality
and tensor products. The results obtained are useful in applications in quantum mechanics.