Interspecific interactions are important as they may structure the community due to dispute of available niches (Thompson, 1988; Ohgushi et al., 2012). Although the occurrence of interspecific interactions in anurans is more common among closely related species (Gerhardt and Schwartz, 1995; Reichert and Gerhardt, 2014), the occurrence of physical combat between species of different genera or families has also been reported (Schwartz and Wells, 1984; Moura et al., 2010). In anuran amphibians, communication typically occurs through acoustic signals, but visual and physical interactions can also be observed through multimodal signals (Caldart et al., 2014). The emission of calls is a way to avoid high energetic expenditure during the reproduction season as physical fights could be costly in terms of energy expenditure (Wells, 2007). In tropical anuran communities the males of some species aggregate in chorus, where they simultaneously emit a signal for sexual advertisement to attract females (Toledo et al., 2015). Calling in a chorus may increase the likelihood of attracting conspecific mates (Wells 2007). However, the high density of calling males may also increase the dispute of territory between them and attract auditively oriented predators (Wells 2007; Farina and Ceraulo, 2017). On 21 November 2014, we recorded males of Boana albopunctata (Spix, 1824) and B. raniceps (Cope, 1862) fighting. Boana albopunctata emitted aggressive calls, while B. raniceps emitted release calls. Both males were found at the edge of a waterbody perched on a branch at about 40 cm height, in the municipality of Caldas Novas (-17.888049; -48.691984, WGS84, 651 m a.s.l.), State of Goiás, Brazil. Recordings were obtained using a Tascam Dr-40 digital recorder coupled with a Sennheiser ME66/K6 directional microphone at a distance of 50 cm from males. Calls were recorded at 44.1 kHz with 16- bit resolution. We also used a camera Canon PowerShot SX40 HS to film the behaviour. Bioacoustic traits were analysed using Raven Pro 64 v1.5 software from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology (Bioacoustics Research Program, 2014). Spectrograms were produced applying the following settings: window type = Hamming, window size = 256 samples, overlap = 80%, hop size = 64 samples, DFT size = 1024 samples. We obtained oscillogram and spectrogram figures using Seewave package v1.7.3 (Sueur et al., 2008) for R version 3.3.3 (R Core Team, 2016). Temporal acoustic parameters [note duration (s), pulse number, pulse duration (s)] were measured in the waveform, and spectral parameters were measured in the spectrogram selecting the following measurement functions: Peak Frequency [as dominant frequency (Hz)], Frequency 5% [as lower frequency (Hz)] and Frequency 95% [as upper frequency (Hz)]. Call description and terminology follow Toledo et al. (2015). The snout-vent length (SVL) of the individuals was measured using a digital caliper (to the nearest 0.5 mm) and the temperature was obtained using a digital thermohygrometer (to the nearest 0.1ºC). Voucher specimens are housed at the Zoological Collection of Universidade Federal de Goiás, State of Goiás, Brazil (Boana albopunctata: ZUFG 9545, Boana raniceps: ZUFG 9541). The male B. albopunctata was upon the male of B. raniceps, while the B. raniceps was emitting advertisement calls. The male B. albopunctata continued to emit aggressive calls (Figure 1, Table 1) and struck the male of B. raniceps with the head. When the male Herpetology Notes, volume 11: 489-493 (2018) (published online on 24 June 2018) Interspecific behaviour between two species of Boana (Anura: Hylidae) from central Brazil Vinicius Guerra 1,2,3, *, Nathane de Queiroz Costa 2 and Rogério Pereira Bastos 2 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil. 2 Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970, Cx. Postal 131, Goiânia, GO, Brazil. 3 Instituto Boitatá de Etnobiologia e Conservação da Fauna, 74093-250 Goiânia, GO, Brazil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: vinicius.guerrabatista@gmail.com