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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(10): 128-130
ISSN (E): 2277- 7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.03
TPI 2018; 7(10): 128-130
© 2018 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 27-08-2018
Accepted: 28-09-2018
Sukram Thapa
Department of Plant Pathology,
BCKV, Mohanpur, Nadia, West
Bengal, India
Prateek Madhav Bhattacharya
Department of Plant Pathology
UBKV, Pundibari, Coochbehar,
West Bengal, India
Deewakar Baral
Department of Plant Pathology,
BCKV, Mohanpur, Nadia, West
Bengal, India
Correspondence
Sukram Thapa
Department of Plant Pathology,
BCKV, Mohanpur, Nadia, West
Bengal, India
Correlation of different traits of wheat with resistance
to spot blotch disease
Sukram Thapa, Prateek Madhav Bhattacharya and Deewakar Baral
Abstract
Spot blotch of wheat is caused by Bipolaris sorokoniana is one of the major disease of wheat which
causes a considerable yield loss throughout the wheat growing areas in the world. Other than spot blotch
this pathogen is reported to cause common root rot, foot rot, seedling blight and seed rot disease.
Growing of resistant varieties and varieties with different phenological traits related with resistance to
spot blotch disease can be an effective way of managing the disease. In this experiment different
phenotypic traits for resistance to spot blotch were observed to explain the disease. Among the different
phenotypic traits observed, phenological traits (onset of reproductive phase and maturity),
symptomatological trait (lesion number), morphological trait (plant height), physiological trait canopy
temperature (AUCTPC), chlorophyll content (AUSDC) and stay green property of the genotypes were
found to explain 61 percent in the disease variation. Therefore these traits can be used as diagnostic traits
for selecting spot blotch resistant wheat genotypes.
Keywords: Bipolaris sorokoniana, spot blotch, wheat, resistance, phenological traits.
1. Introduction
Wheat is a cereal grain which comes under the order Poales, family Poaceae, sub family
Pooideae and have different species under the genus Triticum. Considering its nutritious value
wheat is consumed throughout the world and looked as most important cereal crops in the
world and occupies the largest area under cereal. In India it is the second most important staple
cereal food after rice. Cultivation of wheat first started about 10,000 years ago, as part of the
‘Neolithic Revolution’, which leads to the shifting from gathering and hunting of food to well
settled agriculture. Cultivation of wheat in India started around 5000 years ago (P. R.
Shewry2009)
[13]
. In India wheat is grown as a rabi season crop. Being most important cereal
crop wheat production and productivity are greatly challenged by different abiotic and biotic
stress. Among the biotic stress Spot Blotch is gaining much importance and a major limiting
factor for wheat productivity in warm and humid regions and more severe following rice wheat
cropping system. The disease is caused by the pathogen Bipolaris sorokinian (Sacc.)
Shoemaker (syn. Helminthosporium sativum teleomorph: Cochliobolus sativus). The
occurrence of spot blotch disease was first reported by Mohy in the year 1914 but it was not
regarded as an important pathogen in South Asia before the Green Revolution (Saari, 1998;
Chaurasia et al., 1999)
[11, 2]
. Spot blotch pathogen is a hemibiotrophic phytopathogenic fungus
and causes seedling blight, foliar blight/spot blotch, common root rot, head blight and black
point in wheat, barley, other small cereal grains and grasses (Zillinsky, 1983; Wiese, 1998)
[19,
16]
. Global estimate indicates that 25 million hectares of wheat is affected by spot blotch (van
Ginkel and Rajaram, 1998)
[15]
, out of which India alone accounts for 9 million hectares,
mostly in the rice wheat cropping system in the north eastern plain zone (Nagarajan and
Kumar 1998)
[9]
.Yield losses due to spot blotch of wheat are reported to range from 15.5
(Saari, 1998)
[11]
to 100% under severe conditions of infection (Mehta, 1993). Therefore the
management of spot blotch disease is very important and the best approach to manage the
disease can be obtain by developing resistant varieties. There are Reports of the presence of
monogenic (Arney, 1951, Wilcoxson et al., 1990)
[1, 17]
and polygenic (Griffee, 1925,
Steffenson et al., 1996)
[4, 14]
types of resistance to spot blotch disease. Different physiological,
morphological, phenological and symptomatological traits has been reported to be related with
resistant to spot blotch disease by different researchers which can be used in breeding for
resistance.