22 journal of film and video 58.3 / fall 2006
©2006 by the board of trustees of the university of illinois
Style and Sensation in the Contemporary
French Cinema of the Body
tim palmer
I expect an artist to show me the edge. And to show me that edge,
they must go over a bit to the other side.
—Bruno Dumont
poraries (Neupert 299–304), however, this is a
group connected more loosely, through com-
monalities of content and technique. The recent
work of Denis, Dumont, and Noé, a trio best
thought of as filmmaking figureheads or cata-
lysts, offers incisive social critiques, portraying
contemporary society as isolating, unpredict-
ably horrific and threatening, a nightmarish
series of encounters in which personal relation-
ships—families, couples, friendships, partner-
ships—disintegrate and fail, often violently. But
at the center of this cycle, a focal point most
famously emblematized by Trouble Every Day,
is an emphasis on human sexuality rendered in
stark and graphic terms. The filmmaking agenda
here is an increasingly explicit dissection of the
body and its sexual behaviors: unmotivated or
predatory sex, sexual conflicts, male and female
rape, disaffected and emotionless sex, ambigu-
ously consensual sexual encounters, arbitrary
sex stripped of conventional or even nominal
gestures of romance. Forcible and transgressive,
this is a cinema of brutal intimacy.
But there is more to this cycle than the sheer
depiction of sexual and social dysfunction. As
we will see, although considerable critical en-
ergy has been focused on evaluating this new
French cinema, few have recognized its col-
lective ambitions for the medium itself, as the
means to generate profound, often challenging
sensory experiences. In the age of the jaded
spectator, the cynical cinéphile, this brutal in-
timacy model is a test case for film’s continued
potential to inspire shock and bewilderment—
raw, unmediated reaction. For these narratives
of the flesh, the projects of Denis, Dumont, Noé
tim palmer is assistant professor of film studies
at the University of North Carolina Wilmington.
His essays on French, American, and Japanese
film have appeared in Cinema Journal, Studies
in French Cinema, and Film International. He is
currently writing Brutal Intimacy: Contemporary
French Cinema for Wesleyan University Press.
as an art form and a professional prac-
tice, cinema thrives on its ability to induce
forceful, vivid sensation—a tendency that in
some cases is taken to extremes. Yet while the
majority of world film engages its viewers to
convey satisfaction or gratification, there occa-
sionally emerges an opposite tendency, aggres-
sive and abrasive forms of cinema that seek a
more confrontational experience. It is in this
context that we can begin to gauge the impact
of a group of high profile French-language film-
makers, notably Claire Denis, Bruno Dumont,
and Gaspar Noé. Polarizing recent films such
as Denis’s Trouble Every Day (2001), Dumont’s
Twentynine Palms (2003), and Noé’s Irrevers-
ible (2002) have, in fact, already become icons
of notoriety in international film culture. To
some, this group and the related projects of
certain French contemporaries embody film-
making at the cutting edge: incisive, unflinch-
ing, uncompromising. To others, such cinema
is as indefensible as it is grotesque, pushing
screen depictions of physicality to unwelcome
limits, raising basic issues of what is accept-
able on-screen. Either way, forty years on from
the New Wave, French cinema is once more in
the global critical spotlight.
Unlike the movement embodied by Godard,
Truffaut, and their Cahiers du cinéma contem-