Flood risk reduction and flow buffering as ecosystem services: I. Theory on a flow persistence indicator for watershed health Meine van Noordwijk 1,2 , Lisa Tanika 1 , Betha Lusiana 1 [1]{World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), SE Asia program, Bogor, Indonesia} [2]{Wageningen University, Plant Production Systems, Wageningen, the Netherlands} Correspondence to: Meine van Noordwijk (m.vannoordwijk@cgiar.org)