~ 608 ~ The Pharma Innovation Journal 2017; 6(11): 608-610 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating 2017: 5.03 TPI 2017; 6(11): 608-610 © 2017 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 01-09-2017 Accepted: 02-10-2017 Anuradha Kanhere Department of Biochemistry, T.N. Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Smita Swami Department of Biochemistry, Mumbai D.Y. Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Sanjay Swami Department of Biochemistry, T.N. Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Correspondence Smita Swami Department of Biochemistry, Mumbai D.Y. Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Salivary total protein and amylase levels in patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis Anuradha Kanhere, Smita Swami and Sanjay Swami Abstract Inflammation of gums and its supporting structure is known as periodontitis. As this is strictly related to oral health, it will ultimately be useful to study oral secretion with some of its biochemical parameters, which are usually studied in serum. The usefulness of this parameters to gauge oral health especially with reference to periodontitis was determined in present study. The study was conducted in Mumbai based dental college. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in the levels of total proteins and salivary amylase with increase in dental carries and to compare the same with healthy subjects. Students ‘t’ test was applied. The study comprised of total 90 subjects, out of which 30 had gingivitis , 30 had periodontitis and 30 normal healthy individuals respectively. Both were age and sex matched. The result showed response of salivary glands to periodontal disease by enhancing synthesis of some protein, thereby increasing the protective potential of saliva. Keywords: periodontitis, chronic periodontitis, gingivitis, salivary total protein, salivary amylase Introduction In recent years people have become more conscious about oral health. Periodontitis (gum disease/ pyorrhoea), which is very common among people, is a set of inflammatory diseases affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. Gingivitis is a non-destructive, reversible inflammatory condition whereas chronic periodontitis is irreversible condition leading to destruction of connective tissues and alveolar bone. These occur as a result of the interaction between a pathogenic bacterial biofilm and host derived inflammatory cells and molecules [1] . Therefore, diverse researches are being performed to evaluate the severity of the disease as well as to pinpoint the risk of the disease [2] . Saliva is a body fluid, secreted by three pairs of major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular and sublingual) and by many of minor salivary glands. Saliva contributes to digestion of food and to the maintenance of oral hygiene. Absence of normal salivary function leads to dental caries, gum disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) and other oral problems [3] . Various microorganisms are inhibited by salivary amylase [4] . Alteration in protein composition of whole saliva is also observed in patients with periodontal disease [5] . There is very scanty literature available regarding the relation between total protein and amylase. Therefore, this study was designed to assess and compare the levels of salivary total protein and amylase in healthy, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis subjects. Materials and Methods The study compromised of total 90 subjects, out of which 30 had gingivitis, 30 had periodontitis and 30 normal healthy individuals respectively. Both age and sex matched. The groups were divided based on the clinical and radiographic examination of the periodontal tissues. Inclusion and exclusion criteria Subjects with gingivitis and periodontitis without any systemic disease were included. Subjects with systemic disease like diabetes mellitus, HIV, etc. were excluded from the study. Subjects who consumed tobacco in any forms (smoking, chewing) and who had mumps, oral tumours etc. were also excluded from the study. The study was approved by the Institutional ethics committee. Written informed consents were obtained from the subjects. Saliva Collection The subjects were given prior information regarding collection of saliva.